Investigation and comparison of hedonic hunger status of type 1 diabetes and non-diabetic adult individuals

This study was planned to examine and compare the relationship between hedonic hunger status and the Food Craving Questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale, Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory, and Palatable Eating Motives Scale in adults who were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and those who were not diagnosed with diabetes. 225 (74.5%) female and 77 (25.5%) male volunteers between the ages of 18-64 who applied to the Turkish Diabetes Foundation in Istanbul between October 2021 and January 2022, were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and were not diagnosed with diabetes included. Participants consisted of 72 adults with type 1 diabetes and 102 without diabetes with a mean age of 18-28 years, 48 adults with type 1 diabetes and 25 with a mean age of 29-39, and 26 adults with type 1 diabetes and 25 non-diabetic adults, with a mean age of 40-64 years. In order to determine the personal characteristics and nutritional habits of individuals, a questionnaire consisting of 28 questions in total, Power of Food Scale (PFS), Food Craving Questionnaire (FCQ), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI) and Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS) were used to collect data. A PFS total score of 2.5 and above, a FCQ total score approaching 234 points increase hedonic hunger, VAS total score approaching 10 points interest in foods such as chocolate, chips, french fries, fast food and pastries, CSEI total score approaching 100 points increasing self-esteem respect, and PEMS total score approaching 5 points indicates the frequency of consumption of delicious foods for non- metabolic reasons. The mean total scores of PFS, FCQ, VAS, CSEI, and PEMS of type 1 diabetics were found to be 2.790.83, 164.7847.72, 5.181.47, 38.833.14, and 1.970.57, respectively. In those without diabetes, the mean total scores of PFS, FCQ, VAS, CSEI, and PEMS were found to be 2.810.89, 165.7445.24, 5.571.54, 38.803.54, and 2.140.70, respectively. There was no significant difference between the scores of individuals who were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and those who were not diagnosed with diabetes. Individual differences such as gender and age and factors such as the types of foods for which excessive nutrient demand, the presence of excessive food cravings, self-esteem, and motivation to consume these foods affect the hedonic hunger status of individuals. Determining the factors that cause hedonic hunger will contribute to more accurate guidance in the nutrition programs to be planned for individuals, improving the nutritional habits of individuals, keeping blood sugars at optimal levels in diabetics, and increasing the success of preventing and delaying diabetes-related complications. Keywords: Hunger, Appetite Regulation, Hedonic Nutrition, Diabetes