The effect of foreign capital ownership on the performance of companies in the national and global crisis periods: The case of Turkey (1995-2017)

Ownership structures of firms may be grouped as public or closed, private or public, domestic or foreign. There is a direct relationship between ownership structure and control. Today's companies open to foreign markets for a more competitive structure, cooperate with foreign companies and even unite. The primary objective of this thesis firms operating in Turkey where foreign ownership is particularly investigate their responses during crisis periods. Therefore, in this thesis, the "Top 500" firms operating in the Manufacturing Industry sector obtained from Istanbul Chamber of Industry (ISO) data between 1995 and 2017 are in the performance of foreign capital, employment, export and after sales growth during the 2001 and 2008 crisis periods. This was investigated by using econometric infrastructure of Alvarez and Gorg for the Chilean economy in 2007 and balanced panel created for this issue. The main purpose of this study is it is to examine the performance of foreign-owned firms operating in Turkey, during economic crises periods. Our findings coincide with the findings of previous studies, which found a positive relationship between majority foreign ownership and firm performance. Firms were positively affected by the 2001 crisis and negatively affected by the 2008 crisis. In other words, companies were able to turn the 2001 crisis into an opportunity. However, in times of crisis, 50% and more than 50% of companies with foreign capital are adversely affected by the 2001 and 2008 crises. They are more difficult to manage the 2001 crisis than the 2008 crisis. Keywords: foreign direct investment, manufacturing, financial crises, Turkey, firm behaviours