Determination of serum salucine alpha (α) and salusin beta (β) levels in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients

İntroduction: Hypertension is the result of blood pressure results over 140/90 mmhg after the obversation of a (few times) certain period of time. Salucin-α and salucin-β are endogenous, multifunctional, bioactive, hypotensive and bradycardic peptides that primarily affect the cardiovascular system. Salusin α is an inhibitor of atherosclerosis and salusin β induces development of atherosclerosis; salusin β is known to have a very weak effect compared to salusin α. Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the levels of salusin α and salusin β in dipper and nondipper groups in newly diagnosed as hypertensive patients. Material and Method: In our study, 88 patients who were included, were detected as DHT and NDHT by ABPM and diagnosed HT for the first time. The overage of the patients was 46; and in the group, 37 patients were male and 51 were female; 47 patients were nondipper hypertension and 41 patients were dipper hypertension. Blood samples were collected for routine biochemistry, hemogram, salusin α - salusin β values. Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (for 24 hours) were performed for. Results: No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of age, gender, smoking, BMI, hemoglobin, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, Cr, TSH, Na, K, Ca and blood glucose levels. Salusin α levels were significantly lower (p=0.002), salusin β levels were significantly higher (p=0.001) in the NDHT patient group compared to the DHT patient group. According to echocardiographic datas; there was no significant difference between groups in terms of the left atrial diameter, aortic root, diastolic and systolic diameter, EF, E, A, E/A, DT, IVRT, Septal E′-A′-S′, Lateral E′-A′-S′, E/Septal E′, E/Lateral E´ parameters (p≥0.05). In patients with nondipper hypertension group, septum (p = 0.012) and posterior wall thickness (p = 0.019) and LV mass (p = 0.034) were significantly higher than dipper hypertension group. Blood pressure holter results: Clinical SBP-DBP, SBP-DBP, Daytime SBP-DBP, Nighttime SBP-DBP values were found significantly more in the NDHT group compared to the DHT group (p <0.05). There was a negative correlation found between the levels of salusin α with the levels of clinical SBP and positive correlation between the levels of salusin β with the levels of clinical SBP, negative correlation between the levels of 24 hour SBP with the levels of salusin α, positive correlation between the levels of 24 hour SBP with the levels of salusin β, negative correlation between the levels of nighttime SBP with the levels of salusin α, positive correlation between the levels of nighttime SBP with the levels of salusin β, negative correlation between the levels of nighttime DBP with the levels of salusin α (P <0.05). Conclusion: In this study, salusine β levels were higher and salusin α levels were lower in the NDHT group compared to the DHT group. We also think that the absence of nighttime blood pressure reduction and increased exposure to high blood pressure have a role in the change in the levels of these peptides. At the same time, we think that new treatment strategies to increase salusin α levels and decrease salusin β levels of individuals with hypertension may be converted to DHT profile of NDHT-like BP profile which is dangerous for morbidity -mortality and perhaps these peptides can be used in the treatment of hypertension.