Theses supervised by Aysu Arsoy
15 theses · Eastern Mediterranean University
Debate on Federalism in Libya: A Test of Spiral of Silence among TV Viewers and Facebook Users
This research applies the basic tenets of the theory of spiral of silence assumptions on the particular case of the current debate in Libya about the adoption of Federal system of governing as an administration system of the state. Throughout the work of this study, spiral of silence theory main topics is tested such as climate of opinion, which is examined to know how it could be perceived by individuals in this particular case, also the concept of fear of isolation, the role played by the references groups and how they influence the individual’s willingness to speak out his opinion. For the present study quantitative research methodology was favored. Data has been collected through questionnaire which has been conducted among 100 participants in order to find answers to the research questions and assumptions. Responses of the participants and the collected data are analyzed using statistical software to obtain accurate statistical results. Findings show a significant role of territorial affiliation, media outlets and reference groups in determining the individual's opinion about the current federalism debate in Libya, in addition to a considerable influence of the previously mentioned factors on the individuals’ willingness to speak out their personal opinions comfortably.
The Deal of the Century in Light of the Critical Discourse Analysis: Trump and Netanyahu's Speech as a Model
The study examines the discourse by the U.S.A. President Donald J. Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in the Speech of the Century Deal announced on 28th January 2020, at the White House which was show from a press interview on Arabiya English on the YouTube channel. This research also observes the speech in terms of verbal communication, which includes a critical analysis of discourse and language through Micro-level and Macro-level, and non-verbal communication that includes the analysis of rhetoric, body language and faces of both Donald Trump and Benjamin Netanyahu. The theory of discourse was used to analyse the speech of the Deal of the Century. The verbal communication was analysed with NVivo program to finding out the number of repetitive words in each of the two speeches, such as pronouns, verbs, adjectives, models, and analysis on the total takeover (power, Ideology). Non-verbal communication was analysed based on body and facial language. The critical of discourse was used to analyse the speech of the Deal of the Century. The findings show that the discourse of President Donald Trump and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, on the abuse of power to build the speech, as it was built on the ideology of hegemony and bias that serves the interests of Israel and the Jews, the strong party, and the total disregard of the Palestinian side, which is a part of the peace process and around which the deal of the century is being brokered. The discourse also demonstrated the strong relationship between America and Israel and their common interests in the Middle East. The discourse is far from achieving peace between the two parties, as the proposed projects were in support of Israel while the Palestinians were placed in the category of coercion and acceptance. Keywords: The deal of century, discourse theory, critical discourse analysis, Israel, Palestine.
New York’ta Beş Minare ve Mucize Filmine Göstergebilimsel Bir Bakış
Starting with the very the first fictional script Le Voyage Dans La Lune (Aya Yolculuk) in which chain of events forms the basis of expressions, modern cinema expressed itself in many ways from the day Le Voyage Dans La Lune recorded -1902- until today. Although there are various narrative forms, semiotics is the cornerstone of the fictional style. And the cornerstones of semiotics are of course the indicators. In this research the aim is to examine how the visual and the auditory indicators are used to reinforce the meaning of the plot in a fictional movie and its importance to the cinema. In this context, besides the indicators that directly affect the audience, it has a very rich content with implicit indicators, New York’ta Beş Minare (Five Minarets in New York) and Mucize (The Miracle) that are directed by Mahsun Kırmızıgül, have been identified as the universe of the research and semiotics were used as methods. In this context, the analysis of the related films was carried out using the symbol-icon-sign triangle which is the semiotic model of Pierce. The scenes that are subjected to analysis were chosen through purposeful sampling. As a result of the research, from the evaluation of the main findings and of course the reason that the fiction films are based on an effort to create representations of reality from the cross-sections of everyday life, it is emphasized that these realities are meaningful and the importance of making use of the indicators frequently present in daily life is emphasized in the cinema. In this context, the representation of reality in cinema; reinforcing the narrative of time, space and plot, it is concluded that semiotics is an unshakable component in the art of cinema in terms of the transfer of emotions and messages to be given. In the scope of the research, the problematic, aim, question, importance and the limitations of the research are presented in the introduction part of this thesis. In the second part, the relationship between semiotics and cinema is presented. In the third section, the method applied in the research is explained and the fourth part includes semiotic analysis of Five Minarets in New York and The Miracle that are directed by Mahsun Kırmızıgül. In the fifth section, the main findings of the analysis are evaluated for the purpose of the research. Keywords: Semiotics, Indicator Usage in Cinema, Visual and Auditory Indicators, Five Minarets in New York, The Miracle
Exploring the Relationship Between Instagram Usage, Self-Identity and Friendship Quality
The study explores the impacts of Instagram usage on self-identity and friendship quality. Instagram is widely domiciled among young adults. Instagram users may likewise follow others on the stage without their endorsement and this may improve the social networks for the individuals who have restricted social ties outside of the application. The study means to know the association between digital media, society, and personality development is considering in online media use. For this purpose, Instagram usage investigated to find out kinship quality and the relationship with a social personality. The research adopted a quantitative survey method through the use of Google form to sample 400 young Nigerian Instagram users living in North Cyprus. Results therefore revealed that frequent use of Instagram has positive influence on the friendship quality of the respondents. It was also uncovered that recurrence of Instagram use has an important relationship on the self- personality of the respondents (r = .28). Keywords: Self-identity, Friendship quality, Social Networking Sites, Instagram, Online friendshi
Türkiye Siyasetinde Aktif Görev Yapan Kadınların 8 Mart Dünya Emekçi Kadınlar Gününde Dijital Ortamdaki Cinsiyetçi Söylemleri
In this research have been investigated women politicians speeches who served in the active politics in Turkey on the day of March 8, “International Working Women’s Day” which they use sexist discourse on digital media in special messages of celebrating statements against women. In order to describe sexism and gender inequality at Turkey, active politicians and their sharing/posts on the digital environment has been investigated in this study. 8 March International Woman Day’s was selected for analyses. For the research purposes, six active female politicians been selected. Their sharing/post on the digtal environment was collected from social media and official web site’s during 6, 7 and 8 March. For review; this research has been selected5 different parties and 1 independent active female politicians identified which they are İyi (Good) Party Chairman Meral Akşener, CHP Deputy Chairman Gamze Akkuş İlgezdi, MHP Womens’s Brancj Chairman Nevin Taşlıçay, Independent MP Aylin Nazlıaka, HDP Co-.Chair Figen Yüksekdağ, Akp Family and Social Policy Minister Fatma Betül Sayan Kaya. In the context of Turkey, women politicians whom they are have been sexist assumptions and after all these with the Van Dijk accompanied by critical discourse analysis discussed macro and micro schematically as a thematic framework. Its seen that in the study of the ideological literature such as race, language, religion has been normalized in the society and affected the conversation on women sexist discourse use against women. In Turkey, female facts of female politicians in the traditional female identity with messages in International Women’s Day which they are supporting their ideological views associating with ethnic identity. Several cultures, ethnic groups and ideologies, which hosted in Turkey, multicultural, ethnic and cultural difference of political ideologies and parties that they represent women also seen in women’s discourse. Keywords: Women Politicians, 8 March, Sexist Policies
Reality Perception of Gamers & Game Designers: Creation of Possible Worlds in Video-games
This thesis explores and studies the creation of possible world for different genre of video-games and analyzes the distinctive features which are relevant to the creation of possible world for video-games. For the purpose of this research, qualitative research method selected in order to have better understanding of two group of the gamers (the people who play minimum eight hours daily) and video-game designers perception. The differences of their perception regarding how they perceive signs and associate it with video-game genres is the main concern of this research. Thus, ten video-game designer based on snowball sampling technique were selected as well as ten gamers based on purposive sampling technique were selected from an application for voice communication called Discord which is frequently used by gamers to communicate online. Two set of open ended questions prepared for each groups of interviewee, however, some of the questions were the same. Nine video-games form each genre (action, adventure, action-adventure, role-playing, strategy, simulation, sport, puzzle, idle) were randomly selected for this study. The results shows that there is a small difference in their perceptions based on the possible world of the games and gamers see the possible world of video-games more close to the reality than the video-game designers. According to the findings each genre of video-games has some perceivable marked signs that separated the genre of video-games which was similar between the two groups of interviewees. The possible world of each video-game is the result of selection and combination of time, location, behavior of characters, characters, objects and game style, which makes the possible world of the game far or close to the real world. Keywords: video-game; possible world; selection and combination
Identity Construction and Language in Cyprus
This study seeks to explore if there is a relationship between language and process of otherization (to what extent language affect otherisation) in Cyprus. It also desired to investigate how language affects two communities’ way of thinking towards each other and the role of language in identity construction. The findings of the study will contribute to the benefit of both communities considering the debates over the situation of the two communities’ is one of the on-going agendas on the island for a long time. The research was conducted with 40 participants by using interview research design; 20 of them were TCs and 20 of them were GCs. The participants were both 10 male and 10 female from each community. Participants were chosen by using snowball sampling methodology which is a non-random methodology and enables the sample size to grow as the participants of the study invite the people who they know to participate in the study. The study is centred on a qualitative research methodology. The data analyzed under 3 research questions; 1. What is the role of language in the process of identity construction? 2. How does language barrier affect the otherization process? 3. How does language influence peoples’ way of thinking about the other community? The findings show that identity construction in Cyprus formed due to some external factors; Turkey, Greece and England and these factors affected the otherisation process. At the end of the study, it is revealed that language play an important part in otherisation process. The findings also reveal that there is a serious communication problem in the island and revealed that speaking different languages has an impact on considering each other as ‘different’. However they are not willing to learn each other’s languages. Keywords: Identity Construction, Otherisation, Language, Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots
Çocuk Hikâye Kitaplarında Yansıtılan Şiddet: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde En Çok Satan 6 Adet Resimli Hikâye Kitaplarındaki Şiddet Görsellerinin İncelenmesi
ÖZ: Hikâye kitapları, çocuk eğitiminde önemli bir yere sahip olan bir araçtır ve medyada yer alan iletişim araçlarından biri olan hikâye kitapları çocukların hayatında önemli bir rol üstlenmektedir. Çocuklar doğdukları andan itibaren medya ile ilişki içerisindedirler. Görsel ve yazılı araçların başında gelen bu hikâye kitapları, çocuk için örnek teşkil eder. Bu nedenle hikâye kitaplarının görsel ve yazılı mesajlarının incelenmesi çok önemlidir. Bu araştırmada, Türkiye’de en çok satılan altı hikâye kitabını örnek olarak seçilmiştir. Seçilen kitaplardaki görsel içeriklerde, Ronald Barthes’in göstergebilim yaklaşımlarından yan anlam ve düz anlam kullanılmıştır ve 80 görselin çözümlemesi yapılmıştır. Bu çözümleme sonucunda, incelenen kitaplardaki şiddetin nedeni, türü, davranış şekilleri ve şiddet ile ilgili kullanılan sözcükler tespit edilmiş ve araştırmanın sonucunda incelenen 6 kitapta geçen ortak şiddet türü olarak psikolojik şiddet, şiddet nedeni olarak çaresizlik ve umutsuzluk, şiddet içeren davranışlar ise korkutma ve rahatsız edici davranışlar olarak bulunmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Göstergebilim, Çocuk Kitapları, Korku, Şiddet
Creating Fake Identity and Pseudo Accounts on Social Media Among University Students in North Cyprus
ABSTRACT: The study investigates the attitudes of international university students in Turkish Republic of North Cyprus through users’ creation fake identity on social media. This study aims to know if Facebook users check accounts if they are fake before they accept friend request, how Facebook users identify accounts as fake, if most Facebook active users create fake identity and create hyper real image of themselves. This study also seeks to know how users perceive other people who create fake identity on Facebook and if there is a statistical significant difference as to how male and female students perceive other people who create fake identity on Facebook. Through a survey conducted among seven hundred and sixty-seven international university students in Turkish Republic of North Cyprus; two hundred Eastern Mediterranean University students, one hundred and ninety-nine Near East University students, one hundred and ninety-two European University of Lefke and one hundred seventy-six Girne American University students enrolled in Fall 2017/2018 session. Results show that majority of the respondents agree to a very great extent that they check any account if its fake once they get a friend request. Results also show that respondents agree that they believe that an account is fake when it has exaggerated biography, profiles without photo, accounts with no mutual friends, mutual friends but any of mutual friends knows the person, accounts with few friends (i.e. 10-15 friends), empty timeline (No sharing) and extremely gorgeous human photo (beautiful/handsome). Results show that most respondents don’t create fake account and create hyper-real image of themselves. Results show that when respondents were asked how they perceive users who create fake identity, many respondents agree that they view people who create fake identity on Facebook as fraudsters, people who suffer from poverty of ideas, with low self esteem, inferiority complex, high level of insecurity, who wants to be acceptable by the society and attention seekers. Keywords: Social media, Facebook, Pseudo accounts, Hyper-real image, fake identity.
2020 KKTC CB Aday Adaylarının Covid-19 İzolasyon Sürecinde Kriz Yönetimi Söylemleri Analizi
The World Health Organization officially classified the Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) spreading from Wuhan city, China, as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. The virus, which seriously threatens human health and even results in death, reveals the different management methods of the world countries in medical, economic and social terms. In the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, the legitimate government (coalition government), acting differently from many countries in the world while managing this process, prevented the spread of the disease by taking the precaution on March 10, 2020, when the first case was spotted. The measures taken as top priory were to shut down the country's border’s (air, sea, land), for people from abroad to isolate the country, partial curfew and to postpone the Presidential election, which was planned to be held in April 2020, to October 2020, with the decision of the TRNC parliament. During the 56-day isolation period between March 10 and May 5, 2020, the legitimate government started working on the opening plan as well as managing the current crisis, with the cases being reset. In particular, the fact that the country is in the Presidential election process and that the political party leaders of the coalition government, the main opposition party leader and current President contested a seat, their different ideas and discourses revolving around these ideas on crisis management and opening plan have marked the process. In this study, the discourses of four politicians who became a candidate for the Presidential election, President Mustafa Akıncı, Prime Minister Ersin Tatar, Deputy Prime Minister Kudret Özersay, and the leader of the Main Opposition Party Tufan Erhürman during the 56-day isolation period were analyzed in terms of political communication. The discourses they shared on Facebook were gathered and analyzed in terms of content and mode by using the qualitative analysis method, categorized and macro and micro structures were tried to be revealed through Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis method. As a result of the research carried out, it was observed that the four Presidential candidates are in conflict and their approach to crisis management and strategy is reactive. Keywords: Political Communication, Discourse Analyzes, Crisis Management, Facebook, Covid-19.
KKTC İlköğretim 5. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitaplarındaki Görsellerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Açısından İncelenmesi
ÖZ: Bu çalışmanın amacı ilkokul 5. sınıflarda KKTC Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Talim ve Terbiye Dairesi Müdürlüğü’nün izni ile okullarda okutulan 5. sınıf Türkçe ders kitaplarındaki görsellerinin cinsiyet rolleri açısından incelemesini içermektedir. Araştırma nitel betimsel bir araştırmadır. Verilerin toplanması doküman analiz yöntemiyle yapılmış ve içerik çözümleme yöntemi ile de analiz edilmiştir. Türkçe ders kitaplarının görselleri belirlenen kategorilere göre analiz edilmiştir. Görsellerde çocukların yaptıkları ev işleri, çocukların birlikte gösterildikleri kişilerin cinsiyetleri, çocuklara hangi meslekler özendirilmiştir, cinsiyet ayrımcılığını ifade eden görseller, görsellerde yer alan çocukların boş zaman etkinlikleri kategorilerinin altında görseller incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda elde edilen veriler öncelikle sayısal olarak tabloda gösterilmiş sonrasında ise verilerin desteklenmesi için kitaplarda yer alan görseller kullanılmıştır. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda, Türkçe ders kitaplarındaki görsellerde erkeklerin bir üstünlüğü vardır. Erkeklere sosyal hayatta daha çok rol verilirken, kadınlara ise sosyal hayatta daha az rol verilmiştir. Aile içerisinde ise kadının rollerinin daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kadınlar bazı meslek alanlarında yer almışlardır fakat sayısı erkeklere göre yeterli değildir. Kadınlara ev içerisinde çocuklara bakma, çocuğun eğitimi gibi görevler verilirken erkeklere ise aile içerisinde bu gibi görevler verilmemiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Cinsiyet, Eğitim ve Cinsiyet, Ders Kitaplarında Cinsiyet, Toplumsal Cinsiyet, Cinsiyet Rolleri
Instagram’da Paylaşılan Yemek ve Mekân Görsellerinde Yer Alan Metafor ve İmgelerin Okuryazarlığı
ÖZ:Medya, toplumsal hayatın her noktasında yerini almış ve toplumun önemli bir bilgi kaynağı haline gelmiştir. Geçmişten günümüze değin bilgi üretimi ve algı yönetimleri birçok aşama geçirmiştir ve sürekliliğini devam ettirmektedir. Teknolojinin gelişmesi ve globalleşmenin ivme kazanmasıyla birlikte yeni medya mecraları, buna bağlı olarak sosyal medya platformları ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu mecralar aracılığı ile gönderilen mesajlar her ne kadar sade ve anlaşılır şekilde görünse de iletilmek istenen asıl mesajlar, çeşitli işitsel ve görsel materyaller içerisinde sunulabilmektedir. Bu materyallerin içerisinde barındırmış olduğu mesajlar, çalışma çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın vaka çalışmasında, Pamukkale Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi öğrencilerinin Instagram’da paylaşmış oldukları 5 adet mekan ve yiyecek-içecek görselleri amaçlı örneklem olarak seçilmiştir. Görselleri paylaşan 5 kişi ve her görsel için görseli beğenen 2 kişi olmak üzere toplamda 15 katılımcı ile yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görseli paylaşan ve beğenenlerden oluşan odak grubunun bu görsellerde yer alan metafor ve imge gibi örtük mesaj içeren unsurlar konusundaki okur/yazarlık düzeyleri tartışılmıştır. Görseli paylaşan kişi ve beğenen kişilerin görüşleri ele alınarak betimsel analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcıların görüşlerinden yola çıkılarak görseller içerisinde yer alan metafor ve imgeler belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların ortak duygu ve gaye içerisinde oldukları fakat okur/yazarlık düzeylerinin farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların iv etileşimine kuramsal çerçeveden bakıldığında gösteriş toplumunun dayatmış olduğu kalıplar ile hareket ettiği görülmüştür. Anahtar Kelimeler: Instagram, İmge, Metafor, Görsel Okur/Yazarlık, Gösteri Toplumu.
Göç Mekanlarından Mağusa Maraş Bölgesindeki Gençlerin Kimlik İnşası
This research is based upon the differentiation of identity and conflict amongst young adults who live in the area or Mağusa Maraş (Cyprus). Their interaction with others will also be approached throughout the study. The reason for carrying out this research in Maraş is because, after the year of 1974, the majority of the families have chosen to move from Turkey to live in Maraş. This study has been conducted with a total of 20 individuals, consisting of 10 females and 10 males aged between 20-30 years. A qualitative research method was chosen and face-to-face interviews were carried out to address and disclose the issues within discrimination that they may have faced. In conclusion, it has been revealed that individuals who are currently living in the Northern Cyprus, Maraş region, who hold a dual citizenship, have faced discrimination on the grounds of living in Cyprus and no longer are being seen as “Turkish” but “Cypriot” by people from Turkey. On the other hand, the participants in the study have stated that they are also being judged in Cyprus and not accepted as one of their own. Many have also added that they have not been accessed to equal rights whilst living in Cyprus and have felt excluded by those living there. Even though these young adults view their identity as to “having to homelands” they still choose to live in Cyprus and have made it become their homeland regardless of their beliefs of not being wanted or accepted by the citizens in Cyprus. Overall, even though they are many similarities within both cultures in terms of religion and linguistic, the participants of the study have revealed that they feel more connected to the custom traditions of Turkey. Keywords: Discrimination, Identity, Conflict.
Mobil Oyun İçerisinde Metalaşan Kültür; ‘PUBG Mobile’ Üzerine Bir Çalışma
ÖZ: Oyun kavramının tarihine bakıldığında yazılı olarak bilinen insan tarihinden de geriye gittiği görülmektedir. Oyun kültürü, dijital platformlarda boy göstermeye başladığı ilk günden itibaren endüstrinin bir parçası haline gelmeye başladı. Bunun sonucu olarak ise bir kültür endüstrisi ürünü olarak önümüze çıktı. Bu araştırma, dijital bir oyun olan PUBG Mobile özelinde olacaktır. İlk olarak oyunun iç dinamikleri ve kurguladığı sistem üzerinde durularak oyun içi sistem ve oyunculara/tüketiciye sundukları incelenecektir. Aynı zamanda oyuncuların/tüketicilerin, oyun içerisindeki alışkanlıkları ve farkındalıkları üzerinden inceleme yapmaktadır. Oyuncuların neden bu oyunu oynadığı, oyuncuların oyun içerisindeki tüketim alışkanlıkları ve içeriği nasıl kullandıklarına odaklanılacaktır. Bu çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemiyle yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın literatür taraması sonrasında sekiz kişiyle yapılan odak grup çalışması ve katılımcı gözlem sonucunda veriler toplanmıştır. Oyun içerisindeki oyuncu/tüketici tavırları ve alışkanlıkları göz önünde bulundurularak, oyun içerisindeki tüketimi ve beklentileri incelenmiştir. Oyuncuların kazanma ve tüketme odaklı oyun oynadıkları gözlemlenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Oyun, Homo Ludens, PUBG Mobile, Kültür, Etkinlik.
Sosyal Medya Reklamları ile Marka Sadakati ve Güven İlişkisi: KKTC Spor Salonu Üyelerine Yönelik Bir Araştırma
ÖZ: Teknolojik alanlarda yaşanan gelişmeler ve bu gelişmeler neticesinde hayatımızın bir parçası olan Internet ile sosyal medya ağları da hayatımızın bir parçası haline dönüşmüştür. Gelişen kullanıcı sayısı ile sosyal medya ağları reklamcılık sektörü içinde kullanılan bir platform haline dönüşmüştür. Bu dönüşüm ve gelişim neticesi ile sosyal ağların tüketiciler üzerindeki etkileri incelenmeye başlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmanın amacı Facebook reklamlarının kullanıcılar üzerindeki marka ve ürüne karşı göstermiş oldukları güven duygusunun önemi ölçmek amacı ile hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmanın ana kütlesini KKTC’nin başkenti Lefkoşa’da seçilen 5 spor salonu/stüdyosunun üyeleri oluşturmaktadır. Çevrimiçi olarak 103 üyeye ulaşılmış ve anket uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 20 programı ile analiz edilmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak üyelerin Facebook’ta ki reklamlara karşı bir güven duygusu hissettikleri ve bu güven duygusu ile hareket ettikleri analiz edilmiştir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Reklam, Facebook Reklamları, Marka Güveni, Marka Sadakati.