Theses supervised by Doğan Ünlücan
10 theses · Eastern Mediterranean University
Perceived Causes of Culture Shock: A Study on International Students in North Cyprus
Culture shock is an important issue and is the result of movement of individuals from one place to another. The differences between the old environment and the new environment are the major causes of culture shock. The individuals may feel insecurity, disorientation, anxiety and so forth as a result of culture shock. The goal of this research study is to analyze the causes of culture shock and how international students at Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU) perceive them. In this study, factors were identified and questionnaires were distributed to three-hundred fifty international students in order to measure how culture shock elements vary based on gender, country of origin, educational level, age, length of stay and monthly income. Major causes of culture shock were infrastructure, service quality, weather, and language. Also, the results of this research showed there are significant differences between international students‟ demographic characteristics and culture shock causes. The results of this thesis imply that almost all international students should expect to experience culture shock because they may find the new environment challenging to adjust to. As a result, we suggested that international students should collect enough information about the host culture, education system etc. and try to build relationships with locals in order to understand their society. Keywords: International students, culture shock, culture shock elements, Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus.
Sponsorship in Sports: Types, Classification and Importance to Sports Organizations
This study provides a valuable insight into the different types of sponsorship in sports. The types of sponsorship in sports are classified into four categories: individual sponsorship, team sponsorship, association sponsorship and event sponsorship. This study also finds that sponsorship is a vital source of funding, an important source of resources and an avenue for sports organizations to increase awareness. A qualitative research methodology and a multiple case study design was adopted in identifying the various types of sponsorship in sports. Secondary data was collected from existing sponsorship literature, sports websites, sponsor’s press releases and other relevant websites. This study provides a clear roadmap for further academic studies and recommends that future studies in sports sponsorship should focus on investigating specific types of sponsorship. Additionally, past academic inquiries into sponsorship have focused on sponsorship from a sponsor’s perspective, or the effects on the audience and this has created a huge research gap in the study of sponsorship from the sponsored entity’s perspective. Keywords: sports, sponsorship, types of sponsorship, classification of sponsorship, importance of sponsorship to sports organizations.
Perceived Importance of the Factors Affecting Consumers’ Purchase of Sports Brands
The sports brands and sports product market is an ever growing industry that generates billions of dollars yearly. Sports marketers have constantly faced the challenge of fully understanding consumer behaviors and factors that influences the choice of sports brands and the purchase of its products. This study investigates the importance of sports brand selection factors and how they vary amongst some demographic segments such as gender, age group, education level, sports brand preference, level of engagement in sports and preferred method of shopping (online or stores). The result showed that there is a significant difference between genders with respect to some of the general selection factors. It also showed a significant difference within each of the other demographic segments which are education level, age groups, level of engagement in sports, sports brand preference and preferred method of shopping all with regards to the general selection factors. The study also points out which element within each of the demographic segments places more importance of the general selection factor. Keywords: Brands, sports, sports brands, selection factors
The Effect of Burnout on the Turnover Intention: A Study on 5 Star Hotels in Famagusta
Servicing is the one of the most stressful occupations in the 21st century. Hotel employees take a significant role in servicing in hospitality and tourism sector. Being in service sector mainly centred on clients’ problems, and facing and working with people is backbreaking. The emotional pressure, long working hours and shifts, relations and communications with colleagues and managers, active working for long hours, work ambiguity or overloaded work are some of the reasons causes burnout in certain time in hospitality among hotel employees. Burnout is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. Burnout syndrome consists of three basic dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment, and these dimensions express the changes in the life of the individual experiencing burnout. Burnout closely concerns and affects individuals, businesses and organizations. Hotel businesses and employees are also one of the sectors closely affected. In hospitality and tourism sector work conditions and laws unsatisfactory in Northern Cyprus. Compered to developed countries in Famagusta region in Northern Cyprus hotels have worse conditions for employees. Furthermore lack of governmental controls, inspections causes illegal shifts and overloaded work, which are non-ethical work conditions, affects employees’ emotions and physical conditions negatively. The aim of the current study is to consider hotel employees’ burnout level affects on turnover intention. This study conducted on five-star hotel employees in Famagusta. Two fıve-star hotels located in Famagusta region. 280 hotel employees voluntarily participated in this research. 204 of participants totally complete the questionnaires. According to the ANOVA test p-value result (p<0.05=0.005) an important positive relationship found between burnout and turnover intention. Burnout affects hotel employees’ turnover intentions. Keywords: hotel employees, burnout, turnover intention, Northern Cyprus, hotels, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment, Famagusta, five stared hotels
The Analysis of the Components of Emotional Intelligence at Workplace: The Case of the Nigerian Telecommunication Industry
Emotional Intelligence (EI) has been increasingly inputted as a part of the multiple human behavior within the environment. Recent scientific phenomenon, pioneering academic researches establish significant relationship between EI and performance in the workplace setting. The aim of this research is to analyze the components of EI of employees in the Nigerian telecommunication industry. For the purpose of this study, front line employees working for a leading telecommunication company IN NIGERIA were used as sample for this research. The reason for taking this sample is to assess the effect of components of EI on the work performance of employees within the workplace setting. For the purpose of the study, 250 questionnaires were distributed to employees personally. 158 questionnaires were filled and returned by respondents. SPSS Software was used to analyze and interpret the data. In order to test the hypothesis T-test and one-way analysis (ANOVA) were used. This dissertation focuses on the analysis of the five components of EI which are self-awareness, managing emotions, motivation, empathy and social skill. The result has reveals that perception of EI components varies with gender, age and education level. In addition, women display more self-awareness such as knowing when they are happy, motivation such as always meeting deadlines, empathy such understanding when they are being unreasonable, and social skill such as being very good listeners, than men. Also older employees and those higher level of education are more emotionally intelligent. Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Empathy, Telecommunication, Motivation and Self-awareness.
The Effect of Organizational Culture on Employees Participation in Decision Making in Banking: A Case Study in Ghana
Organizations want to obtain the commitment of their employees. Management would like its employees to identify and uphold the values, norms and artifacts of the organization, and explain and imbibe its culture in its employees. This will enable the employee to get familiar with the organizational system. Hence, the need for organizational culture. Decision-making and its implementation are therefore very crucial to the fortunes of any organization. It is believed that employee’s non participation in the decision-making process creates tensions between management and staff which adversely affect the fortune of the organization. This study, therefore, sought to determine the effects of these organizational culture on employee participation in decision-making. The study design is a case study. The research findings revealed that there is a positive relationship between organizational culture and employee’s participation. Additionally, the most prevalent form of worker participation in the bank is representative participation. It was also revealed from the research that when employees see themselves as not being part of the decision-making process, they become discontent and apathetic which is likely to adversely affect organizational performance. It is recommended that employees’ views are sought on matters that affect their lives and work. In addition, they should be empowered to take decisions through which they will have a sense of self-worth and a feeling of belonging that will make them give out their best for the organization. Keywords: Organizational culture, employee participation and decision making.
Sporda Sponsorluk: Üç Popüler Takım Sporundaki Forma Üreticilerinin Araştırılması
ÖZ: Günümüzde, sponsorluk çok önemli bir konu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Spor sponsorluğu, sponsorluğun en önemli çeşitlerinden bir tanesidir. Yapılan sponsorluk anlaşmaları, sponsorluk veren firmaların marka bilinirliğini artırması yanında, spor kulüplerinin önemli gelir kaynaklardan bir tanesi haline gelmiş, kulüplerin daha yarışmacı hale gelmesi ve popülaritesinin artmasına katkı sağlamıştır. Araştırmada, 3 takım sporunda (futbol, basketbol ve voleybol) en üst liglerde mücadele eden erkek takımlarına hangi forma üretici firmaların sponsorluk yaptığının ortaya çıkarılma amaçlanmaktadır. Ayrıca, sponsorluk anlaşmalarının, sponsorluk veren firmalar ve spor kulüpleri açısından da ne gibi avantajlar yarattığı üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmada, en çok futbol dalındaki kulüplerle ilgili bilgilere ulaşılmıştır. Futbolu sırası ile basketbol ve voleybol izlemiştir. Araştırılan spor dallarında birçok üretici firmanın olduğu saptanmıştır. Bir diğer yandan, üretici firma sayısı bakımından, İtalyan firmalarının araştırılan her üç spor dalında birinci sırada yer aldığı görülmüştür.
Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intention in Private Banking Sector: The Case of Alanya
Employee commitment with the impact of globalization and technological developments become the major problem for businesses. In Turkey also in Alanya, the banking sector experiences frequent layoffs and it is also highly sensitive to the economic crisis all around the world. Therefore, it is assumed that the employees have a tendency to leave the job in this sector. This study investigates the relationship between organizational commitment and turnover intention in the private banking sector in Turkey. The study was conducted by private bank employees of 6 largest private banks in Alanya city in Turkey. In the study factor analysis, reliability, t-test, variance, frequency, Kaiser-Meyer- Olkin test and regression analysis have been used. Correlation analysis has been used to analyze the relationship between organizational commitment and intention to leave. Findings of the study indicate which affective and continuance commitment have positive relationship with intention to leave. However, normative commitment negatively influences the turnover intention. Keywords: Organizational Commitment, Intention to Leave, Banking Sector.
Factors Affecting Consumers’ Choice of Perfume Products: The Case of Famagusta – North Cyprus
The decision which is made to purchase perfume products is a complicated process that consumers have to experience. Different factors affect the consumer choice for perfumes. These factors include social factors, demographic factors and psychological factors. For example, some consumers choose their perfumes depending on the recommendation they get from a family member who used the brand or know someone who is using it. In addition, consumers’ age, income level, personality, self-concept, routine and values may affect their decision in choosing perfume products. This study aims to identify the factors which affect the consumers’ choice of perfume products in Famagusta, North Cyprus. The sample of the study was the residence of Famagusta. In this study, different factors were identified as factors affecting the consumers’ purchase decision which are price, brand, quality, fragrance, promotions, prior experience, recommendations from the surroundings, blogs, consumer reviews and social media especially for younger consumers. Keywords: Consumer, marketing, perfume, consumer behavior, purchase decision, Famagusta.
Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyet’inde Elektronik Ticaret ile İlgili Tüketici Araştırması
ÖZ: Elektronik ticaret ya da kısaca e-ticaret dünyada ve özellikle ülkemizde internet kullanımın artmasıyla ortaya çıkan, ticaretin elektronik ortamda yapılması kavramıdır. Dünyadaki internet kullanıcılarının oranı gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. 2017 itibariyle dünya nüfusunun % 46’sı internet kullanmaktadır. İnternet sayesinde tüketiciler, günün herhangi bir saatinde ve dünyanın herhangi bir yerindeki ürünleri veya hizmetleri satın almasını olanaklı kılmakta, mesafe ve zaman engelini ortadan kaldırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada KKTC’nin Gazimağusa ilçesinde elektronik ticaret ile ilgili tüketici araştırması yapılmıştır. Bu bağlamda yapılmış olan çalışmada elektronik ticaret ile ilgili genel bilgiler verilmesi ayrıca elektronik ticaretin anlamı, kapsamının ne olduğu, araçları, türleri ve tarafları ifade edilmektedir. Daha sonra ise e-ticaretin etkileri ve faydalarının analizi yapılmakta ve e-ticaretin KKTC’deki gelişimi gösterilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda KKTC de anket çalışması yapılmış ve tüketicilere sorular sorulup elde edilen cevaplar doğrultusunda SPSS programı kullanılarak analiz yapılmış ve bu analizler sonucunda yorumlarda ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda KKTC’de elektronik ticaret ile ilgili tüketicilerden alınan bilgiler doğrultusunda, e-ticareti geliştirmeye yönelik sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışma ile bilgi teknolojilerindeki gelişmelerle birlikte, işletmeler için bu kadar büyük potansiyel sağlayan elektronik ticaretin daha iyi anlaşılması sağlanmış ve e-ticaret hakkında temel bilgiler açıklanmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: KKTC, E-ticaret, Gazimağusa, tüketici araştırması