The effect of adipose derived adult stem cells in primary wound healing on irradiated skin

Aim and hypothesis:The aim of this study is to investigate primary wound healing effect of fat graft, stromal vascular fraction (SVF), and cultured adipose derived adult stem cells on irradiated rat skin.Materials and Method:Forty-eight Wistar rats were underwent dorsal skin surface irradiation of 2500 cGy using a medical linear accelerator producing energy of 6 MeV followed by creation of a full-thickness skin incision and subcutaneous dissection. Four groups with 10 rats in each were divided according to application of saline (control group); fat graft; SVF; and cultured ADAS. Five animals from each group were euthanized at 14th and 28th day and the harvested specimens underwent biomechanical and histological evaluation. Differentiation and surface marker expression properties of ADAS were approved.Findings:According to biomechanical tests, the highest rate of breaking strength was determined in Group 4. However, the rate for all three groups was significantly higher than the control group. In histopathological assesment, angiogenesis, epidermal regeneration, and better organized collagen architecture were observed in Group 4. Immunhistochemical analyses with TGF-ß, Procollagen Type-1, and VEGF revealed with denser findings in Group 4.Results:Depending on these results, it can be concluded that ADAS may improve primary wound healing on irradiated skin by increasing neovascularization and collagen production.