Akkoyunlu and Karakoyunlu States of the monetary policy

Karakoyunlu and Akkoyunlu States XIV century. mid XVI century. They are two Turkish states that ruled in Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia, Iraq, Iran and the Caucasus until the beginning of the year. Although it took time for them to establish their central authority in line with the conditions of the geography and period they ruled, they left a more organized community for their successors in the geography they dominated. Apart from the works of art they left, they have established an economic infrastructure with the various measures they have taken. Especially with the Akkoyunlu state removing the Karakoyunlu from the historical scene and dominating the lands of this state, it is seen that they made various breakthroughs in the field of economy as in every field. Both states used money as an economic and commercial element. It is seen that the coins printed in their own names with the establishment of the central authority are used more in the economic environment. While there are generally elements suitable for Turkish-Islamic numismatics on the coins minted in the name of the sultans, Greek transition motifs are also encountered, especially in some Akkoyunlu coins. Although both states have a financial structure, it is seen that Akkoyunlu people are in an effort to develop the state economy by preparing various laws on trade, especially in the period of Uzun Hasan. Although the written sources about the states in question are limited, the money element in their trade life is revealed through the money and their values ​​in today, and these facts are reinforced from the laws, travel books and books of the period. Karakoyunlu and Akkoyunlu people have led a certain economic and financial development by leaving permanent traces in the period and geography they lived in. The quality and quantity of the coins minted in the name of the sultans were revealed and their place in the commercial life was determined. The financial structuring of the states and what they do as economic activities in the central organization of this structuring have been revealed. The measures taken by the central authority for the regulation, substitution and promotion of commercial life have been examined. The importance of money as an element in terms of trade and economy is emphasized. These two states, which see money as a commercial element, also used money printing materials as an element of superiority. In the study, the monetary element of the Akkoyunlu and Karakoyunlu states has been clearly transferred, and this issue has formed the main purpose of the study.