Evaluation of the archaeological conservation fact at excavation areas with based on Beycesultan and Laodikeia examples

The remains uncovered in archaeological excavations unlike the stable conditions in its own in-situ positions are rapidly affected by atmospheric conditions in the air and begin to deteriorate. At this point, all of the degradation reactions occur with the presence of water. When water interacts with atmospheric gases, the secondary products in the acidic form occurs. That forms carried via rains to surface of archaeological remains causes chemical deterioration. Moreover, water evaporation due to increased temperature or freeze in cold causes the permanent physical deterioration in remains. Against such rapid degradation mechanisms in Beycesultan mound and Laodicea ancient city, highly effective solutions that we called "Simple Protection" or "Preventive Protection" have been developed. Remains temporarily protected thanks to applications with use of excavation soil as the main material without affected by especially freeze-thawing, wetting-drying and salt crystallization that are cyclic degradation events. Permanent and sustainable conservation of complex structures revealed in archaeological sites requires a more comprehensive effort. In this context, as in the case of Laodicea Church, document and record of the structural elements of the monument and determination of original material features through detailed analysis have a crucial importance. The usage of traditional materials congruous with the original structure and reversible applications are essential for restorations. During the raising the debris of architectural elements adherence to the anastylosis principle and avoid the usage of new materials expect in case of necessary conditions have extreme importance. In the completion of static deficiencies, natural stone applications should be preferred instead of cement or synthetic imitations and conservation created with the intellectual concerns should be applied to the limited area. The historical identity of monument and the traces of different phases and occasions has a crucial importance, so that interventions can harm these traces should be avoided. In the case of sustainable protection preventions like the permanent cover on the monument the simple structure designs should be preferred that prevents visitors and remains groups isolated from the archaeological site.