The effects of foreign trade on economic growth: The case of Turkey 1987-2019

The aim of this study is to examine the annual data for the period of 1987-2019 for Turkey and the relationship between growth and foreign trade within the framework of Johansen Co-integration and Toda-Yamamoto causality analysis. In this context, the annual GNP indicator of the base year 2010 at fixed prices for economic growth, and the annual import-export indicators of the base year 2010 at fixed prices for foreign trade were used. Firstly, ADF and PP unit root tests were applied to the variables and all variables were made stationary at the first difference. After all the variables were stabilized at the I(1) level, the degree of cointegration was examined and it was concluded that there was a cointegration relationship between the variables. Finally, the Toda-Yamamoto test was applied to the variables and it was determined that imports had a statistically significant effect on the GNP.