The Status of calculating the income and outgoings of families at different social-economic levels and the factors effecting their saving habits

This study has conducted on 364 families selected randomly from central districts of Ankara, to determine how families plan their incomes and expenditures for saving purposes, what their saving habitudes and the factors affecting them are. In the families studied as a subject 31.1 % of men and 33.1 % of women are graduated from high-school and 33.1 % of men and women equally are educated from primary school. Most men and women are 30 - 39 age-group. All the men (100 %) and 37.6 % of the women have a job. 54.1 % of the men are government officials, 57.4 % of the women are housewives. One person works in 62.4 of the families and two persons work in 37.6 % of the families. Families consist of three members in general. Most of them have been married for 0-5 years and 1 1-20 years. 55.8 % of the families have houses, all (100 %) have durable goods, 99.7 % have social security insurance, 65.4 % have cars, 48.4 % have plot, field, etc., 36.0 % have summer houses, 22.7 % have deposit accounts, currency accounts, bonds and tangible assets, 8.2 % have factories, shops and business places. It is determined that expenditures decisions (59.6 %) and saving decisions (61.7 %) are made jointly by couples. However, as income level decreases, the ratio of making decision by women only or by men only increases. It is determined that most families make a written budget and such budget is generally made by men. It is determined that all the families (100 %) believe in the need for saving and more than a half (59 %) have savings. It is also determined that the environment where they live affects savings of low income groups, but does not affect saving of high income level groups. 44.5 % of the families prefer foreign currency, valuable belongings and gold a fortiori, although they select multimeans for saving. More than fifty per cent of the families (60.2 %) are in debt because of their insufficient income 55.2 % of them do not produce at home for saving purposes. 63.8 % of those who produce at home for saving purposes prepare mostly food for winter. For families to have sufficient knowledge about income management and saving means, programs concerning income management and saving should be organized withfamilies at formal and informal education institutions and furthermore, individuals from different professional groups should give training about the matter through in-service training courses. T.cY^öSEa