Evaluation of multi dedector computed tomography findings in GIST

AIM: To demonstrate findings of GİST lesions on abdominal MDCT studies and assess those findings with patient demographics and pathological mitotic indices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated findings of 56 consecutive subjects that were examined at Dicle University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology between 2008-2015 and diagnosed with GİST. Lesions were divided into two clinically distinct entities as recurrent and primary lesions. Densities of lesions in comparison to liver, origins of and spreading of the lesions, dimensions of the lesions, behavior pattern, and factors such as contour properties, invasion, and calcification which could potentially indicate malign behavior were also evaluated. FINDINGS: Age span of included subjects were between 28 and 81. 62% (n=28) were men while 38% (n=17) of included subjects were women. Of all included subjects, 91% (n=41) had primary tumors, while only 9%(n=4) were belonged to recurrent tumor class. The most common tumor location for hollow organs was found to be stomach (n=19, 32%). In a descending order, corpus (n=12), antrum (n=5) and rarely fundus (n=2) were the most common location for tumor origins. The least location was large bowel. In extra-luminal, regions the most common tumor location was found to be mesentery (n=4) which was followed by peritoneum (n=1) and retro-peritoneum (n=1). Hansfield Unit densities of tumoral lesions in comparison to liver density were hypodens (n=32, 71%), isodens (n=9, 20%) and hyperdens (n=4, %9) in a descending order. The larger the tumor the irregular was the tumor contour. The tumor invasion was found to be effecting liver, peritoneum, and bladder, in a descending order. In 11(24%) subjects, distant metastasis to the liver was evident. In 4(9%) subjects peritoneum, in 3(7%) subjects adrenal gland and in 1(%2) subject bone metastasis was evident. CONCLUSION: We found that smaller localized lesions had well-defined borders with relatively homogenous density. Once reached to larger dimensions; findings like necrosis, fistula, invasion and calcification were evident and these changes were detected with MDCT with high sensitivity. Key Words: Multi Detector Computed tomography, GİST, Viseral Sarcoma, Gastrointestinal System.