Measurement growth - differentiation factor 5 on umbilical cord blood and assessment of the relation to neonatal outcomes

Growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF-5) is a member of the TGF-β superfamily known as Cartilage Derived Morphogenetic protein 1 (CDMP1) . The GDF-5 gene locates in the 20q11.2 chromosome region, a leader on a significant chain with 4 exons in 21,424 base pairs in length. In studies involving GDF-5, mutations in the GDF-5 gene have been shown to be associated with chondroplasia. GDF-5 is a neurotrophic protein that has been shown to have potent efficacy both in vitro and in vivo to improve the survival of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and to protect against injury. Some studies suggest that GDF-5 may play a role in creating a dopaminergic phenotype in progenitor cells in developing mouse ventral mesencephalon. These features of GDF-5 have made it a candidate for a study aimed at therapeutic approaches to Parkinson's disease. When we review the literature, there are studies that suggest that GDF-5 may be associated with skeletal system, cardiovascular system and CNS disorders. In this study, GDF-5 levels were studied from the blood taken from the cord of 180 babies born in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology between 2015-2016. Serum GDF-5 levels were measured by quantitative Sandwich immunoassay using a commercial kit. Mothers' diseases (eclampsia, placenta previa, gestational diabetes mellitus, oligohydroamnios, etc.) were identified and classified. Baby's week, weight, gender, and if there is a disease state (RDS, neural tube defect, congenital heart disease, blood impairment and prematurity etc.) ıdentified and classified. Maternal and infantile illnesses, demographic status and gained benefits were compared. As a result of the statistical analysis; There was no significant relationship between GDF-5 values according to the demographic characteristics of the infants (gender, gestational age, birth weight and delivery type) . There was no statistically significant difference between GDF-5 values of postnatal diseases (RDS, neural tube defect, congenital heart disease, blood incompatibility and prematurity etc.) of infants. GDF-5 values of infants were compared according to maternal diseases. No statistically significant results were found in eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, oligohydroamnios and other diagnoses (EMR, polyhydroamnios, hepatitis B, thrombocytopenic purpura, acute rheumatic fever, anemia, chronic lung diseases, epilepsy, hypothyroidism, goiter and vascular diseases) . Statistical significance was found when GDF-5 values of the mother who had placenta previa diagnosis were compared. Key words: Newborn, Umbilical Cord Blood, GDF-5