Determination of salt tolerants of Southeast Anatolia region bread and durum wheat cultivars

Four different bread and durum wheat varieties (Sarıçanak-98, Fırat-93, Pehlivan, Ceyhan-99) which were widely cultivated in the region were used as material in the study. The experiment was carried out with 3 replications, according to the experimental design of factorial randomized blocks. The research was carried out under greenhouse conditions at 1600 g soil volume pots, and the effects of salt application at different doses (0, 25, 50 and 100 g/Pot NaCl) on wheat yield and development were investigated. In terms of Thousand grain weight (38.19 g T0), hectoliter weight (72.88 kg T0), chlorophyll amount (61.42 T0), leaf area (29.90 cm2 T0), fertile stem ratio (41.21 T3), harvest index (27.58 % T2), the number of grain in spike (22.03 T2), the grain weight in spike (4.26 g T3) and biological yield (130.89 g T0) characteristics were found statistically significant differences. No statistically significant difference was observed between salinity applications in terms of plant height and the number of spikelets in spike characteristics due to salinity applications. The amount of sodium (Na) varied between 2.81 mg and 24.29 mg; the potassium amount (K) varied between 6.95 mg and 22.11 mg; and calcium amount (Ca) varied between 5.65 mg and 17.29 mg in plant root and stem parts When the wheat cultivars used in the research are evaluated their performance in different salinity conditions; Pehlivan bread wheat cultivar showed the highest values in terms of 1000 grain weight (46.05 g), chlorophyll amount (63.16 SPAD), number of spikelets in spike (17.63) and biological yield (148.20 g) Na) levels, and sodium (Na) level was found low in root and stem parts. Ceyhan-99 bread wheat cultivar showed the lowest values in terms of 1000 rain weight (11.80 g), hectoliter weight (40.40 kg), chlorophyll amount (50.05), leaf area (14.39 cm2), harvest index (4.95 %), the number of grain in spike (10.94) and biological yield (30.52 g)in salinity conditions.