In vitro investigation of the protective effect of alkanet (Alcanna tinctoria L.) ethanol and water extracts on lung cancer

Foods rich in polyphenols and the products obtained from these foods are of interest to consumers because they have many health benefits. This interest is increasing day by day, and the data obtained through scientific studies support this increase. Including polyphenols in the daily diet has many benefits for the organism. Features such as playing a protective role against neurodegenerative diseases, cancer and cardiovascular diseases, strengthening the immune system and regulating the digestive system are some of these benefits. There are mechanisms that have the function of regulating the normal behavior of cells. Cancer occurs as a result of disruption of these mechanisms. Cells multiply uncontrollably due to cancer. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the protective and therapeutic properties of ethanol and water extracts of airborne grass roots, which are used for wound healing, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial purposes, on lung cancer. For this, in-vitro cell culture study type was used. The analysis method is standardized and is the basic method in molecular studies. In our study, Beas2B (CRL-9609) healthy lung culture and A549 (CCL-185) lung cancer cell lines were planned as control and experimental groups, respectively, in the PPARgamma gene expression change analysis. The effect of air mercury on the lung cancer cell line was arranged in such a way that the doses applied to the extract were the experimental group and the cell control group to which no substance was applied. All stages of the study were carried out at Haliç University Molecular Research Laboratory between November 2021 and December 2021. The study sample was planned as a cancer cell line and lung was chosen as the cell line. The effect of air mercury ethanol and water extracts on the viability of lung cancer cells was analyzed by MTT assay. MTT analysis, known as (4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2- yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, yellow tetrazole, is the method to determine the amount of cell proliferation based on the colorimetric measurement of formazone dyes or enzymatic activity due to MTT reduction. In addition, PPARgamma gene expression level was examined. The effect of air mercury extracts on the metastatic behavior of lung cancer cells was investigated by wound healing assay. Experimental parameters were used as data collection tool and the obtained numerical data were evaluated statistically. As a result of cell viability analysis, it was found that both ethanol and water extracts had a reducing effect on cell viability at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 µg/ml. PPARgamma gene expression did not show a significant change at these concentrations when compared to the control. Again, at these concentrations, as a result of the wound healing experiment, it was determined that ethanol extracts were ineffective, while water extracts triggered metastasis. As a result of the analyzes made, it was concluded that more detailed studies should be done on lung cancer cells of the aerospace plant. Keywords: Cancer, Alkanet, Lung