Antiochus the great's relationships with Hellenistic kingdoms and Roman republic

After Alexander the Great's death, Macedonian Kingdom's being disintegrated and shared among his generals caused a struggle between them as well and the years between 281-187 B.C. has been the period in which Seleucids played the most active role in the historical scene. Antiochus III carried out many fights in order not to leave any rivals by capturing the Asia Minor and Hellas territories which he considered as the regions inherited from his ancestors to him. As a result of his arrival at Thrace, by starting a campaign over Asia Minor in 198 B.C., he reached the stage of being up against both Hellenistic Kingdoms and Rome. Antiochus III faced Rome in the fight which he began with the aim of protecting the freedom of Hellenistic cities and Rome at first warned Seleucids about evacuating Hellas and Asia Minor. Antiochus did not pay attention to this and Rome made them evacuate Hellas by starting a war in 191 B.C. Although Romans warned Antiochus III who continued these kinds of agressive policies, Seleucid king did not care and Romans inflicted a heavy blow with the Battle of Magnesia in 190 B.C. by entering Asia Minor and chasing him as far as Magnesia. After this, Antiochus III was made to sign the Treaty of Apameia (188 B.C) which offered harsh conditions and he gave up the Hellas and Asia Minor territories. With this treaty Seleucid Kingdom abandoned its territories in Asia Minor. These lands were shared by Rhodos and Pergamon Kingdoms and Antiochus III had to retreat beyond Taurus and Syria. One year later, during the campaing over Parthians he was killed in the Zeus Temple as a result of his plundering. In the following process, Seleucid Kingdom entered the period of regression and Syria became a Roman province in 63 B.C. Keywords: Diodochoi, The Seleucid Kingdoms, Antiochus the Great, Hellenistic Kingdoms,The Roman Republic, the Treaty of Apamea