Research on methodology for detection, classification and protection of damages in cultural heritage buildings under environmental vibration effects

This study examines the structural risks posed by environmental vibrations affecting cultural heritage structures and proposes an integrated approach for assessing these impacts. In historic areas with dense urban fabric such as the Historical Peninsula of Istanbul, vibration-induced damages, particularly from transportation sources (e.g., light rail systems and traffic), constitute a significant conservation challenge over the long term. Accordingly, the research problem addressed in this thesis is to identify the vulnerabilities of historical structures to environmental vibration effects and to develop a scientific methodology that can contribute to conservation processes. The study is based on microtremor measurements conducted in the vicinity of selected cultural heritage buildings located within the Historical Peninsula of Istanbul. These noise-filtered data were analyzed using the proper software, and structural responses were evaluated by comparison with international standards. The findings reveal that the effects of vibrations on buildings such as the Alay Köşkü and the Beyazıt Mosque Hazire (a small graveyard attached to the mosque complex)—are closely linked to factors such as material properties, soil-structure interaction, and structural systems. The results indicate that although environmental vibrations may not cause immediate visible damage, they can lead to crack formation, material degradation, and structural weakening due to long-term cumulative effects. Furthermore, it was found that existing conservation policies primarily focus on static risks, while dynamic effects are largely neglected, highlighting the need to address this gap. The thesis emphasizes that conservation strategies for cultural heritage structures should be developed with due consideration of dynamic effects caused by environmental vibrations. For this purpose, the proposed framework aims to establish a collaborative platform among architecture, engineering, and heritage conservation disciplines by incorporating risk monitoring, assessment, and informed decision-making processes.