Behavi̇ors and atti̇tudes of teachers and school managers who work in pri̇mary and secondary schools in the si̇tuati̇on of students begi̇ng subjected to sexual abuse

Child abuse which has complicated reasons and tragic results is a medical, legal, developmental and psychosocial, serious problem. (Ziyalar 1999 and Polat 2002, Quoter: Kara and the others 2004.) Especially sexual abuse in the types of child abuse is the most difficult one to be noticed. Sexual abuse is being used a child for sexual satisfaction by somebody older. Early intervention is important because this can leave deep impact on a child. There are many members of professions who come across sexual abuse. Medical doctors, forensic science experts, psychologists, constables, legists and social service experts are prioritized to be accoutered about this subject. According to researches generally the age of the children who are abused is between 7-12. There are also some researchers who express the age limit is 6-10 and 12-14. It's certain that the age range is the time when the child leaves his/ her family for the first time. The child especially at school age feels being of two fundamental structures who protect him / her ; family and teacher. At the present time there are both national and international results which reveal the augmentation of sexual violence especially targets children. UNICEF researched the data from 190 countries and prepared a report. This report revealed that in 2012 more than 120 million young girls were forced to make sex and one fifth of victims of murder consist of the young and children who are under 20 (AA 2014). But in Turkey it is still difficult to talk about the data. One of the few data belongs to the Ministry of Justice. According to this in Turkey the crime of sexual assault, attack and abuse against children was 7500 in 2008, 13812 in 2009, 18334 in 2012 (Cumhuriyet 2013). It is seemed that child abuse is a current problem which need to be intervened. The target of our research is not only educating this child but also the educators who are responsible for saving the child in case of sexual abuse. The method of our research is qualitative. The semi-structured interview form was used and interviewed nearly for 17 hours. One of the sample schools was primary school and the other was secondary school. The data was collected from 44 volunteers who were composed of school directors and teachers. At the end of research, it was revealed that nearly all of the educators didn't have the knowledge of intervention in this situation. And they were confused about from whom they could get help. It was understood that they need to be educated about this subject. Most of the educators think that because of the lack of the systems at school, they prefer applying to different authorities. The educators are not aware of the responsibility of reporting. And some of the educators may ignore the crime in some situations. Also there is no national research on the subject of child abuse, especially being carried out in schools, in both preventive and early intervention. A project, named as; Gradual Absence Management(ADEY), was transferred into practice by The Ministry of Education but it was revoked by verdict in 2011. As a result, the subject of protection of the child under risk is another unfulfilled area. Our suggestion is being given more qualified education to our educators. For this reason, Ministry of Education's cooperating with other ministries is holding great importance. Being a social service specialist with consultant in the school will reduce child's victimization by helping the school early intervening. Adding this subject to curriculum will gain the information of how children protect themselves and from whom they can get help. In addition, adding this subject to child magazines and books will make stronger the child against this subject. Increasing the public awareness with the help of visual products as public service announcements has great importance. Information should be given to the teachers who work in the field by in-service education. Adding lesson on this subject to education faculties and pedagogic formation education is very important because they will increase the awareness level.