Evaluation of etiological factors and oral health-related quality of life in a group of children with deciduous molar hypomineralization

The aim of this study is to evaluate the etiological factors, investigate the incidence of DMH and the effect of the severity of DMH on the quality of life of children aged 4-6 years with primary molar hypomineralization. The research group consists of 100 healthy and 100 children with DMH and their parents. In clinical examination; ICDAS II, dmft/s, mean plaque score and DMH severity and presence of tenderness were evaluated. Demographic data and etiology questionnaire were created to determine the etiology of DMH. The POQL scale parent information form was used to evaluate the effect of oral health on quality of life in patients with DMH. The dmfs scores of children with DMH were found to be significantly higher than those of healthy children (p<0.05). The tooth most affected by hypomineralization was number 85, and the least affected tooth was tooth number 55. Of the primary second molars in the study group, 26% were extracted due to opaque lesions with clear borders, 4% due to enamel destruction after eruption, 22% due to atypical caries, 7% due to atypical restoration and 1% due to DMH. While 44% of primary second molars were mildly affected by hypomineralization, 56% were severely affected. According to the MIH-TNI index, the region with the highest sensitivity and the highest number of defects was determined as the lower right posterior teeth. When the etiological factors are evaluated; in case of any complications during delivery at pregnancies over 35 years of age, premature birth, in case of any disease in the last 3 months of pregnancy, in case of vitamin D or Ca deficiency during pregnancy, low birth weight, breastfeeding for 8 months or less, the probability of DMH increases (p<0.05). In cases of eczema, lower respiratory tract infection, eczema, middle ear infection and 3 or more fevers per year in the first years of life, the probability of DMH increases statistically (p<0.05). Diarrhea, GI problems, urinary tract infection, kidney failure or presence of nephropathy, pneumonia, asthma, scarlet measles, rubella, chickenpox, mumps seen early childhood years have not been found to be associated with DMH. In the presence of DMH, it was observed that children's impact of oral health on quality of life was statistically significantly worse affected (p<0.05). It has been observed that the oral health status of girls affects the quality of life worse than boys. While the physical function and role function scores of children with DMH were found to be statistically significantly higher (p<0.05), no statistical significance was found in the social impact and emotional impact scores (p>0.05). According to the MIH-TNI index, children with DMH in the presence of sensitivity, physical function, emotional impact and total quality of life scores increased statistically significantly (p<0.05). Social impact scores of children who were severely affected by DMH were statistically significantly higher than those of mildly affected children (p<0.05). In order to determine the etiology of DMH long-term memory of the parents is not enough. Long-term studies which consists the type of defects caused by the time of the disease and its duration of action and medical data are taken into account are needed. It is thought that the long-term relationship between the severity of hypomineralization and the quality-of-life scales that can be evaluated in different age groups of children with developmental enamel defects should be evaluated and applied in wider patient populations.