Agriculture of the Mardin sanjak from Tanzimat to Republic

One of the most important economic activity, agriculture was the main economic activity of Ottoman State. Agriculture has a dynamic structure so, it is always open to innovations. Tanzimat opened a big door for reforms in Ottoman State. Agriculture was also effected from these reforms. In this research we tried to find the Tanizmat reform's effect to Ottoman State and specifically to Sanjak of Mardin. In historical researches, It is essential to use the primary sources. For that reason in this research we analyzed the agricultural data of the public records, the period from the declaration of Tanizmat edict to declaration of republic. First of all taking of photograph of the general conditions of the agriculture of the Ottoman State was important for understanding specifically the Sanjak of Mardin's condition. In this manner it will be clearly understood the situation. We found many documents about the research from Salname's, Statistics, Şer'iye records and Ottoman public records. Beside the primary sources, we saw agricultural information of Mardin from the history books. By the help of all these documents, we tried to analyze the Sanjak of Mardin's agricultural conditions during this period. Key Words:Ottoman Empire, Diyarbekir State, Sanjak of Mardin, Agriculture.