A sociological analysis of the culture on Turkish democracy

The idea of democracy was born in Ancient Greece, but found its modern meaning in the French and American Revolutions. The concept of democracy has been interpreted in different ways and therefore there is not yet a consensus about the definition of it. The openness of democracy to interpretation, unfortunately, has given rise to manipulative perspectives on democracy. That is, for their own interests, some people interpret democracy on their own understandings without paying attention to ?universal? rules of democracy. In terms of universality of democracy the agency of it is essential.The social changes that are no longer in control need democracy. The concept of democracy is used in almost every discourse, from the discussions on civil society to the problematic situation of identity politics. Turkey has been highly influenced by the neo-liberal globalization in terms of its politics, economy and social relations. These neo-liberal transformations forced the social sciences to understand Turkish society in new ways. However, it could be argued that they are in many respects unsuccessful. Neo-liberal transformations have weakened the characteristics of Turkish society. More importantly, these transformations created a feeling that democracy necessarily needs liberal base. In this thesis, it is insisted that rather than liberalism it is republicanism that is the basis of democracy.Key Words: Democracy, Culture of Democracy, Low İnsenty Democracy, Liberalism, Conservatism.