Comparison of chemohormonal therapy with hormonal treatment only in newly diagnosed metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer

The development of progression and castration ressistance after a certain period of time after andogen deprivation therapy in metastatic hormone naive prostate cancer is thought to be assosiated with the presence of castration-resistant cell clones in the tumor at diagnosis. Therefore, early addition of docetaxel CT to ADT (chemohormonal therapy) causes delay of desease progression and prolong overall survival due to its effect on these resistant cell clones. We retrospectively compared a total of 67 patient's data who was admitted to the Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, between the dates 07.03.2012-01.02.2018 with newly diagnosed metastatic hormone naïve prostate cancer and treated with either chemohormonal and hormonal therapy only. In this study, we aimed to retrospectively compare oncologic outcomes of two treatment modalities such as overall survival and time to PSA progression. Patients who developed metastatic desease after primary treatment and patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer were excluded from the study. There was no difference between two groups of a total of 67 patients (35 in combined and 32 in monotherapy group) in terms of age at diagnosis, PSA value, ISUP grade and desease volume (p=0.061, p=0.905, p=0.280, p=0.335, respectively). Although the overall survival and median time to PSA progression were longer in the combined group than in monotherapy group (45 mo vs. 30 mo; 14 mo vs. 9 mo, respectively), no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups (p=0.280, p=0.134, respectively). Within follow-up period, PSA progression was observed in all patients on monotherapy group, whereas PSA progression was not detected in 4 patients in combined therapy group. In addition, 4 patients in combined therapy group became non-metastatic after treatment and thereafter definitive treatment was given to these patients (3 received EBRT and 1 underwent RALP).