Evaluation of inflammatory markers in pregnancies with Hyperemesis gravidarum

Objective: The pathophysiology of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is still controversial. However, although the role of inflammation in its pathogenesis could not be explained in recent studies, it has been shown that there is an important relationship between HG and inflammation markers. Therefore, in this study, we wanted to evaluate the relationship between HG and inflammation markers procalcionin (PRK), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLO) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLO). Material and Method: This study is a prospective controlled study. Between 1 June 2020 and 22 October 2022, demographic characteristics (age, height, weight, body mass index, educational status, parity, previous surgery, current chronic disease), PRK, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet levels, NLO, PLO, obstetric and neonatal outcomes of 82 patients diagnosed with HG were compared with the results of 82 healthy pregnant women. Pregnant women with HG were classified according to the ketone levels in their urine and the study group was also compared within itself. Result: The groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic characteristics (p>0,05). PRK and PLO values were significantly higher in the group with HG compared to the control group (p<0,001 and p=0,013; respectively). Among obstetric and neonatal outcomes, infant weight and 1st Apgar score were significantly lower in the HG group compared to the control group (p=0,013 and p=0,043; respectively). In the comparison made by classifying the patients with HG according to their urinary ketone level, PRK and PLO levels were significantly higher in the group with +3 ketones in their urine (p<0,001, p=0,041; respectively). Lymphocyte levels were significantly lower in the group with +3 ketones in their urine (p=0,048). There was no significance in the comparison of obstetric and neonatal outcomes (p>0,05). Conclusion: High levels of inflammation markers PRK and PLO in the group with HG indicate that inflammation may play a role in the pathogenesis of HG. HG may increase the risk for low infant weight and low 1th Apgar score. Keywords: Hyperemesis gravidarum, procalcitonin, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio