Reflections of the abolition of caliphate in Turkish press

The Caliphate emerged with the death of the Prophed Muhammed and after that Hulefa-i Rashid period has begun. Caliphate has turned to reign in the Ummayyad and Abbasid era. Yavuz Sultan Selim conquered Egypt and caliphate was transferred to the Ottoman Empire. Especially, Caliphate was used as political policy by Abdülhamid II. Ottoman Empire has declared jihad in the World War I, but the expected response has not come from the Islamic world. Ottoman Empire has lost the World War I and Allied Powers have occupied the territory of Ottoman Empire. Mustafa Kemal Pasha under the leadership Turkish people has initiated the period of national struggle against occupation. The period of National Struggle has completed with the victory of the Turkish people. Sultan Vahdettin has collaborated with England in the period of National Struggle, therefore sultanete was abolished. Whereupon Sultan Vahdettin has left from İstanbul, with the help of England on 17 November 1922. Following this happening Abdülmecid has passed with the title of caliph instead of Sultan Vahdettin. The Turkish press has agreedon the abolition of the sultanate and the abandonment of Vahdettin in İstanbul. In the Turkish press, Vahdettin's abandon of İstanbul with an English ship was interpreted as treason. Also the newspapers have shared satisfactions, about Abdülmecid's election to the caliphate. Abolition of the sultanate is the first step the abolition of the caliphate and so it is important reflections in the Turkish press. Caliphate subject has raised with proclamation of the republic in the Turkish press. Caliphate subject about many article has written with the proclamation of the republic in the Turkish press because a president was elected with proclamation of the republic. Thus, some people in the Turkish press have criticized a election of president because they have seen the caliph as president. Especially, the press in İstanbul has formed a large opposition. Caliph Abdülmecid has wanted to increase in the caliphate budget at the beginning of 1924. The request accelerated the process of the removal of the caliphate. Budget meeting started and caliphate budget was evaluated in Grand National Assembly of Turkey with the new year. Mr. Safvet has proposed a law on the removal of caliphate and the deport of the Ottoman dynasty abroad in Grand National Assembly of Turkey. This law propasal had received the necessary support from the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. Caliphate was abolished on 3 March 1924 and Ottoman dynasty were expelled out of the country. Thus the instution of the caliphate removed the presence of which caused a state of a dual leadership, Mustafa Kemal Pasha and friends have disabled the disability in front of revolutions. In the newspapers haven't been seen negative reviews about the remoal of the caliphate. Such as Tanin, İkdâm and Tevhid-i Efkâr even known as the conservative press haven't make negative criticism. Dissident press of İstanbul has interpreted as ties will break with the muslim world but they have written that this was a second degree problem. Also they wish that this decision would be good for the country. Vakit, Vatan, İleri and Akşam newspapers have criticized caliphate budget. This newspapers have written that it has removed of the a privileged class. Thus they have expressed that removed the obstacles ahead Turkey's progress. Hâkimiyet-i Milliye and Anadolu'da Yenigün from Ankara newspapers have supported the decision to remove the caliphate. These two newspapers have been behind the goverment's decision and they have believed in unnecessary of the caliphate establishment. One of the most important newspapers of Anatolia, Açıksöz newspaper has supported the decision to remove the caliphate. The removal of the caliphate caused astonishment in the Islamic World but over time fell from the agenda.