Investigation of the effects of lactoferrin on some antioxidant enzyme activities, wound healing and glucose transport in human colon carcinoma cells (CACO2)

Lactoferrin is a protein found mainly in milk in the diet and has positive effects on health. This study aims to investigate the effects of different doses of lactoferrin on some antioxidant enzyme activities, wound healing and glucose transport in human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco2). In this study, the effect of lactoferrin on cell viability in Caco2 cells was determined by colorimetric MTT test. The effects of determined lactoferrin doses on wound healing by cell scratch test and glucose transport by fluorometric 2-NBDG method were determined. The effects of different lactoferrin doses on SOD, GST and GPx antioxidant enzymes in Caco2 cell line were measured by spectrophotometric method. As a result of the study, it was found that after 48 hours of incubation of lactoferrin, the IC50 value in the Caco2 cell line was 74.9 μg/mL and it accelerated wound healing depending on the dose. It was determined that lactoferrin increased the activities of SOD, GST and GPx enzymes depending on the dose and 125 μg/mL lactoferrin dose increased the enzyme activities by 155%, 53% and 85%, respectively (p<0.001). In addition, it was determined that lactoferrin dose-dependently decreased glucose transport and 62.5 μg/mL and 125 μg/mL lactoferrin doses decreased glucose transport by approximately 14% and 8%, respectively (p<0.001). As a result, lactoferrin increases the activities of antioxidant enzymes, decreases glucose transport and accelerates wound healing in Caco2 cell line depending on the dose. In the light of these findings, it is recommended that more comprehensive human and animal studies be conducted on different sources, dosage and duration of administration of lactoferrin.