Antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of pomegranate oil in STZ induced diabetic rats

Diabetes is one of the biggest global health problems of the 21st century and it is one of the 10 most important causes of death. Hypoglycemic drugs used for treatment are either too expensive or some have undesirable side effects. Researches are conducted to look for more effective, safe and lower cost antidiabetic plants. This study was conducted to examine the effect of pomegranate seed oil on blood sugar, plasma insulin levels and some blood biochemical parameters. Experimental diabetic rat model was preferred for the 3-week trial. In the study, 32 female Wistar Albino rats, which were obtained from Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Experimental Animals unit, with 7-8 weeks old live weight average (185-250 g) were used. The rats were randomly selected as 8 rats in each group and divided into 4 groups equally. While water was given to the control group, pomegranate oil was given to the pomegranate oil group via gavage (2 ml / kg / day). To create diabetes, the third group of rats received 45 mg / kg single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) i.p. In the fourth group of rats, STZ was administered similarly and the same dose of pomegranate seed oil was given daily for three weeks by gavage. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken from the hearts of the rats and glucose, insulin, adiponectin, resistin, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, TAC, TOS, OSI levels were recorded. In this study, TAC and TOS levels did not change in the control and pomegranate seed oil group, while the diabetes in the third group was changed with the oxidant effect. In contrast, while the amount of TAC decreased in rats with diabetes, pomegranate seed oil increased in the group given. OSI values that increased with the presence of oxidant substances in diabetic rats decreased to normal level with the addition of pomegranate seed oil. When the final body weights were found to have the lowest values of diabetic rats. Increased glucose value in rats with diabetes decreased significantly when pomegranate seed oil was consumed. While there were no significant changes in the levels of adiponectin and resistin, insulin level decreased significantly in the diabetic group. Triglyceride levels were determined in similar values in all groups. LDL cholesterol, TOS and OSI levels were increased in rats with diabetes compared to the other three groups, while HDL levels decreased. These findings conclude that pomegranate seed oil may decrease diabetes levels in diabetes, decrease cholesterol, LDL TOS and OSI values, as well as increase the effects on HDL and TAC levels, and can be used in diabetes as an important antioxidant substance. Keywords: Pomegranate Seed Oil, STZ, Diabetes, Antioxidant, Cholesterol, Insulin, Resistin, Adiponectin.