Evaluation of vaspin and irisin hormones in rats with type-2 diabetes and their relationship with diet

In this study, it was aimed to evaluate vaspin and irisin hormones, which are considered as indicators in important chronic diseases such as diabetes, and to examine the relationship of these hormones with nutrition. The study was carried out on a total of 18 Wistar-Albino rats, 12 of which were healthy and 6 were diabetic. Streptozotocin (STZ) was administered to 6 rats included in the study to have type 2 diabetes. Healthy rats were divided into two equal groups, and the groups were fed with control feed and high fat feed for 4 weeks. Diabetic rats were given a high fat diet for a period of 4 weeks. From the beginning of the study, daily feed intake was recorded, blood glucose measurement and weight weighing were made once a week. At the end of 4 weeks of feeding, vaspin and irisin analysis was performed, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), blood glucose, insulin resistance score (HOMA-IR) and fasting insulin parameters were measured. At the end of the 4th week, body weights in healthy groups were similar, and significantly lower in the diabetic group than in healthy groups. Fasting blood glucose level was higher in the diabetic fat group compared to the other two groups in all weeks, and it was similar between healthy groups except for the baseline measurement. Triglyceride, total cholesterol, HOMA-IR score was found to be significantly higher in the diabetic group, similar to fasting glucose levels. Similar measurements occurred among healthy groups. The groups did not differ in HDL cholesterol and fasting insulin. While the level of iris was similar in all groups, the level of vaspin was found to be significantly higher in the diabetic group fed with high fat. Vaspin level has been found to be associated with glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and HOMA-IR in the blood. In conclusion, this study strengthens the evidence especially regarding the role of vaspine in T2DM disease. Furthermore, it suggests that although differences in dietary pattern do not have a major impact on biochemical outcomes in the short term, this difference may affect hormone levels and may reveal signs of T2DM disease in the longer term or affect the disease process. Keywords: Type-2 diabetes, irisin, vaspin, nutrition, adipose tissue