Theses supervised by Prof. Dr. Tahsin Aktaş
11 theses · Gazi University
Die funktion der ubersetzung im fremdsprachenunterricht
In our country in the process of teaching foreign language, despite the use of universal teaching methods and techniques and lesson equipments, it has been discussed and looked for solutions about why foreign language couln?t have been learned at the desired level. The level of foreign language learning in western countries has been expected regardless of the difference between taught foreign language and origin of main language.In comparison, linguistic and structural differences of source and target language which hardly ever has common property, can be showed a reason for this failure. The purpose of this study, at the foreign language teaching and in the light of European Languages Teaching Common Framework Programme, is to regain as a teaching vehicle by presenting translation function and integrating the translation efficiency with the language teaching basic skills whose reading, speaking, writing and listening for teaching process. As a means of cognitive learning, presenting the both languages? differences and common sides and doing translation exercises from suitable text types for course content provides students to use these languages consciously.
Übersetzungskritische analyse des Romans 'Buch der Enttäuschungen' von Margit Schreiner
This study has analyzed how Ogün Duman has translated the novel ?Buch der Enttäuschungen? by Margit Schreiner, a famous name in Austrian literature, into Turkish. By having kept the aesthetic and artistic values of literary texts in mind, examples were examined that might have caused difficulties in translation. Furthermore, one has focused if the term is transferred equivalent into the target text. Since metaphors and anaphora are culturally specific linguistic elements, for the translator it can be difficult from time to time to transfer so that the source text loses its artistic and aesthetic value. By keeping this fact in mind, the attitude and method was analyzed with an objective approach, of how he transferred the source text into the target text and the causes for translation problems were examined.
Türkçe ve Almancadaki deyimlerin günlük iletişimdeki yeri ve yabancı dil öğretimine yansımaları
Bu çalışmada günlük iletişimde sıkça kullanılan bir ifade tarzı olan deyimler üzerinde durulmuştur. Uzun cümlelerle anlatılabilecek ifadeleri bir çırpıda anlatmak, sözü güzelleştirmek ve kimi zaman insanları düşünceye sevk etmek amacıyla kullanılan bu üstü örtük ifadelere yabancı dil öğretiminde yeteri kadar önem verilmediği ve deyim bilmemenin iletişimde kopukluklar oluşturduğu sayıltısından yola çıkılan araştırma, teorik ve ampirik olmak üzere iki bölümden oluşmaktadır.Çalışmanın teorik bölümünde araştırmanın amacı ve önemi gibi konular belirtildikten sonra dil ve yabancı dil kavramları ile ilgili çeşitli görüş ve tanımlara yer verilmiştir. Yabancı dilin önemi ve yabancı dil öğretiminde karşılaşılan zorluklardan bahsedildikten sonra, deyim konusu masaya yatırılmış ve özellikleri, yapıları, çeşitleri hakkında kuramsal bilgiler sunulmuştur.Deyimlerin günlük iletişimdeki işlevi ve yabancı dil öğretiminde deyim kullanımının önemi konuları tartışıldıktan sonra ampirik bölüme geçilmiştir. Bu bağlamda günlük iletişimde kullanılan deyim oranlarını tespit etmek amacıyla gerek Türkçeden, gerekse Almancadan çocuk edebiyatı düzeyinde birer yazınsal eser, üçer gazete ve üçer dergi incelenerek içerisinde yer alan deyimler belirlenmiştir. İncelenen eser ve yayınların seçiminde en çok satan gazete ve dergilerle birlikte, okunması için tavsiye edilen çocuk kitapları tercih edilmiştir.Bu kapsamda ?Ömer Seyfettin'den Seçme Hikâyeler? ve Erich Kästner tarafından kaleme alınan ?Der kleine Mann? adlı kitapların yanı sıra Türkiye'nin ve Almanya'nın en çok satan gazeteleri olan ?Zaman?, ?Posta?, ?Hürriyet?, ?Süddeutsche Zeitung?, ?Frankfurter Allgemeine?, ?Die Welt? ile en çok satan dergileri olan ?Aksiyon?, ?Yeni Aktüel?, ?Aydınlık?, ?Der Spiegel?, ?Stern? ve ?Focus?dan birer sayı alınarak içerisinde yer alan deyimler ve deyim oranları belirlenmiştir.Yabancı dil eğitiminde deyimlere ne derece yer verildiğini tespit etmek için ise yabancı dil derslerinde en sık kullanılan materyal olan ders kitapları ele alınmış ve içerilerinde barındırdıkları deyimler ve deyim oranları saptanmıştır. Ders kitabı seçimlerinde Almanya'nın Johann Wolfgang Goethe Üniversitesinin (Frankfurt), Justus-Liebrig Üniversitesinin (Giessen) ve Freie Üniversitesinin (Berlin) Türkoloji bölümlerinde okutulmakta olan ?Türkisch - Lehrbuch für Anfänger und Fortgeschrittene?, ?Lehrbuch der türkischen Sprache? ve ?Güle Güle? adlı Türkçe öğretim kitaplarının yanı sıra Alman dili ile ilgili anabilim dalları olan Ankara Üniversitesi, Gazi Üniversitesi ve Hacettepe Üniversitesinin hazırlık sınıflarında okutulmakta olan ?Lagune? ve ?Schritte International? adlı Almanca yabancı dil ders kitabı setleri tercih edilmiştir.Bu bağlamda, gerek günlük iletişimde, gerekse yabancı dil ders kitaplarında yer alan deyimler alfabetik olarak anlamlarıyla birlikte sıralanmış, kullanım oranları tespit edilmiş ve araştırmanın bulgular kısmında tespit edilen bu deyimlerle ilgili istatistikî bilgiler çeşitli tablolarla ortaya konmuştur.İnceleme sonucunda günlük iletişimde kullanılmakta olan deyimlerin yabancı dil ders kitaplarında yok denecek kadar az oranda yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin deyim öğrenimi konusunda istifade edebilecekleri en önemli materyal konumunda olan ders kitaplarında ?en azından günlük iletişimde kullanıldığı oranda? deyim öğrenememesi sonucu iletişimde zorluklar ve kopukluklar yaşanacağı düşüncesinden yola çıkarak ders kitaplarında bu konuya önem verilmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmış ve yabancı dil ders kitaplarında deyimlerin nasıl yer alabileceği konunda bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.Anahtar Kelimeler: Türkçe deyimler, Almanca deyimler, Günlük iletişimde kullanılan deyimler, Yabancı dil eğitiminde deyim kullanımı, Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe ders kitaplarında deyimler, Yabancı dil olarak Almanca ders kitaplarında deyimler
Struktureller vergleich der Deutschen und Türkischen sprache: Eine kontrastive Analyse
Both typologically and genetically German and Turkish belong to different language family. Differences of their language structures complicate the learning process. Students try to learn these structures by the means of their mother language. As they haven?t got enough grammar and systematic knowledge, their effort mostly causes false rule productions.Besides, many of departments which educate in German language but accept their student according to their English score cause a big problem for German language education system. For this reason the students strive to learn German language with the logic of English that they learned at intermediate and high school. During the German language teaching process the effects of mother language and first foreign language are clearly observed and this situation complicates the teaching process. Inaccurate transfers from Turkish or English turn the learning process into a longer and troubled situation.Contrastive linguistics and its reflections to the language teaching constitute the focus point of this study?s theoretic part. Besides this, the themes like general linguistics, classification criteria of language families, inaccurate transfer and fault analysis are also mentioned. And in empirical part various grammar structures from German language and their Turkish meanings are detailed studied with descriptive and contrastive method.The main purpose of this study is systematically manifest and study some parts of the different grammar structures with the analyses of contrastive linguistics, especially at the beginner level. This study also aims to contribute to minimize the inaccurate transfers of students from mother language or first foreign language into second foreign language.
Yazınsal metinlerin farklı dil ve kültürlere aktarılması üzerine bir inceleme ?çocuk yazını çevirisi?
Bu çalışmada, dilin kültürel işlevini temel alarak yazınsal metinlerin önemli bir alanı olan çocuk yazını ürünlerinin çevirisini ele aldık. Bunun için son yılların önemli çocuk yazını yazarlarından biri olan Cornelia Funke'nin Almanca ?Tintenherz? adlı yapıtını, yapıtın İngilizce ve Türkçe çevirilerini inceledik. İncelemelerimizi yaparken diller arası etimolojik ve morfolojik ayrımları ve yakınlıklarını göz önünde bulundurduk.Çalışmamız üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde çeviri olgusundan, çeviri kuramlarından, çeviri ürünleri olan yazınsal metinlerden, yazınsal metinlerin farklı bir türü olan çocuk yazını ürünlerinden, çocuk yazını ürünleri genel ilkelerinden ve bunların farklı kültürlere aktarılması sürecinde göz önünde bulundurulması gereken noktalardan söz ettik.İkinci bölümde ele aldığımız yapıtın özetine, kaynak dil yazarının biyografisine, yapıtlarında kullandığı dil ve anlatım özelliklerine, bunun yanı sıra erek dil çevirmenlerinin kimliklerine yer verdik.Üçüncü bölümde kaynak ve erek dil yapıtlarını önce tipografik bakımdan karşılaştırarak değerlendirdik. Sonra Türkçe'de anlaşılırlığı bakımından sorun olan metin birimleri tespit ettik, her üç dilde seçtiğimiz dilbirimleri sekiz düzlemde ayrıntılı olarak inceledik ve ortaya çıkan sorunlar için somut çözüm önerileri sunduk.Metin birimleri inceledikten sonra çevirmeni en çok zorlayan düzlemin dil oyunları, deyimler ve örtük iletiler olduğunu, bunun dışındaki anlam bulanıklıklarının, söz diziminden, kültüremlerden, eşdizim ve sözcükte anlam düzeylerinden kaynaklandığını gördük ve bunu sayısal verilerle kanıtladık. Bunun yanı sıra Almanca'nın morfolojik ve kültürel anlamda İngilizce'ye yakınlığının, bu dillerin birbirine çevirisinde sorunları azalttığını; Almanca'nın, yapısıyla ve kültürüyle oldukça farklı bir dizgede olan Türkçe'ye aktarımında ise söz konusu farklılığın önemli bir rol oynadığını saptadık.Anahtar Sözcükler: Yazınsal Metinler, Çeviri, Çocuk Yazını Çevirisi, Diller Arası Etimolojik ve Morfolojik Ayrımlar
Analyse der Übersetzung von Kinderliterarischen Texten anhand von Grimms Maerchen und ihren Übersetzungen
It is the wonderful world that makes fairy tales so valuable. The characters and themes woven into the fairy tales were it, which impressed us in our childhood. They are still attractive for adults. The purpose of dealing with this topic, fairy tales of Grimm Brothers, in this master thesis is two-fold; first is to catch the attention to the point that we have all grown up by being read fairy tales; and the second is to indicate that the Grimm Brothers are worth being focused because of its popularity all over the world.Lothar Bluhm (1995) expresses himself about the fairy tales ?Kinder- und Hausmärchen? as:The preferred interest is the research of the Grimm fairy tales, not only seen as the best-known publication of the Grimms, but also be viewed as the most widely used book of German language at all.(Bluhm,1995 s.4)The aim of this study is to compare the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm and their translations. Our intention is not to evaluate or criticize any individual translations, but to point out that the practice of translation entails special linguistic and cultural knowledge. Anyone who can speak a language can translate something, but without translation competence these issues have no literary value.Also, no one is able to speak all languages. How could we make use of information from foreign literature, if one doesn?t know the language? Such is the work of the translators of utmost importance. They are the mediators of other literatures, thus other worlds and cultures.Description method is used in this study. Translation science, literary outputs, literary translations and especially equivalence in translation science and translation review are scoped out in theoretical part of the study. In the first part of this work, translation theory aspects and theories are put under the light. In the second part are four of the most famous talesof the Brothers Grimm, Little Red Riding Hood, Snow White, Hansel and Gretel and The Bremen Town Musicians are chosen from the original literary work and are compared with their translations with a view to the scientific terms of translation studies. They are analyzed in scope of language-style, formal and aesthetics and their equivalence is interpreted. This study also constitutes the empirical part of this work. In the end findings are summarized and discussed.Keywords: fairy tales, phrases, translation analysis and critic, cultural differences
Die übersetzungskritischen analysen der literarischen texte
We observe some differences in scope of style and content when we compare the original literary outputs and their translated versions. The major reason of these incompatibilities is the cultural differences between the two languages. The target of this study which dicusses the literary work ?Die Aufzeichnungen des Malte Laurids Brigge? by Rainer Maria Rilke and its turkish version ?Malte Laurids Brigge?nin Notları? translated by Behçet Necatigil, ?Der Richter und sein Henker? by Friedrich Dürrenmatt and its turkish version ?Yargıç ve Celladı? translated by Zehra İpşiroğlu and ?Katz und Maus? by Günter Grass and its turkish version ?Kedi ve Fare? and its translated by Oğuz Tarihmen is to point out the problems in translating caused by culturel differences, to analyse these problems in light of translation science and to introduce correct translation applications and the solutions to these matters.Description method in used in this study. Translation science, literary outputs, literary translations and especially equivalence in translation science and translation review are scoped out in theoretical part of the study. Text examples are chosen from the original literary work and its translated version and analyzed in scope of language-style, formal and asthetics and their equivalence is interpreted.The start point of this study is the theoretical informations of researches about the translation of literary outputs. The useful theoretical informations of many researches about this subjekt are taken on to be helpful through the study.Generally, the translators tries to give an equivalent description in the target literary work. In some parts, the translators adds their own style and comment to the work. The main reason is the cultural differences as we mentioned above. For this reason, some values of the original literary work loses its meaning. The conclusion of this research will give some useful informations to the comparison of translations from German to Turkish and will be helpful for language education.Keywords: translation review, cultural differences, equivalency
Fremdsprachenlernen und dessen Relevanz für den tourismussektor in der Türkei
In this study we have tried to explore the function of foreign languages in the tourism sector through a comprehensive review of literature. In the initial phase of our research activities we determined our method and the goal. Then, we discussed the general characteristics of the contemporary language teaching approaches, methods, and techniques. In doing so, we gave special importance to communicative and cross-cultural approaches and pointed out the significance of these approaches in the language teaching activities in the tourism sector. In the course of our research we investigated the following methods in a comprehensive way:A) The Grammar-Translation Method; in this method, a grammar-translation structure, which is based on rules, is used, and although this is a method helps the student to speak, we have noticed some deficiencies to complete the other aspects of the language learnt.B) The Audio-Lingual Method; we have seen that this method concentrates on listening and speaking, however, it is insufficient in terms of grammar. This also leads to difficulties in the learning and application-use of literary language.C) The Audio-Visual Method; during the processing of lesson in terms of the mentioned method, although speaking-oriented and visual materials are used, it is seen that it has some deficiencies in grammatical terms as in Audio-Lingual method, and it is not sufficient on its own in foreign language teaching.D) The Communicative Method; this method is a common one in use since the 1980s. It is a method that processes the lesson in terms of four basic skills and makes the lesson active by getting the useful parts of each of those skills, and students use their mother tongue rarely and the method teaches-makes them talk by using words in various contexts. Because of this feature it is started to take place in the curriculum of foreign language courses in recent years.E) The Intercultural Method; as in Communicative Method, this is a method that processes the lesson by using four basic skills while teaching the foreign language, and reinforces the language while dealing with traditional subjects by including society?s cultural elements (wedding, meal, marriage, etc.) into the lesson subjects.In addition, we deal with the relationship between Tourism and Foreign Language which constitutes the main subject of our research under a separate section. In this context, we put the subject forward in details under the titles below.,,Die Problematik der Definition der Fachsprache des Tourismus??: in this section, we have dealt with how the language is used in which areas of Tourism sector, and the terminological language that is used in those areas.,,Bedeutung der Fachkommunikation??: in this section, we have mentioned about the economical contribution of foreign language to tourism in international tourism sector.,,Gemeinsprache und Fachsprache?? under this title, while mentioning about the definitions and comparisons of daily language and vocational foreign language in tourism sector, especially, we have given examples of the use of the definition of Fachsprache not only in tourism sector but also in other vocational areas.,,Aspect der Definition des Tourismus??: in this section, we have focused on having different definitions of Tourism in terms of economy, science, trade and law by facilitating from various sources, and important subtitles under those definitions.,,Kommunikationsbereiche und Kommunikationspartner im Tourismus??: under this heading, the areas which foreign language is used in Tourism, and academical and commercial environments and services that are contacted with have been analyzed.,,Problematik Der Zugehörigkeit Gewisser Wörter Zur Touristischen Fachsprache bzw. Gemeinsprache??: In this section, while mentioning about the difficulty in defining Fachsprache in Tourism and the reasons of this difficulty, we have explained with examples that some words which are used in daily language might also take place under the definition of Fachsprache. Therefore, we have stated that some words which are in daily language and Fachsprache cannot be separated with certain borders. Because the concept of Tourism is an intertwined, complex service sector that can only be restricted with human?s dreams, and since various services are emerged everyday in respect of human needs, it is impossible to differentiate Fachsprache and Gemeinsprache clearly as foreign language.Consequently, in line with the above description, we have put forward that it is beneficial to process the lesson by using the two aforementioned methods; Intercultural and Communicative methods together to make the language understandable and use it fluently in daily life by comprehending totally the language learnt in Foreign Language Teaching in Tourism Sector in Turkey and in the various academical, commercial, legal, etc. areas that take place in this sector.Key Words : Tourism, Foreign Language Teaching, Methods, Four Basic Skills
Die analyse der sprachsiiele in der übersetzung von Patrick Süskinds roman ?Das Parfum - die geschichte eines mörders?
Science, technic, commercial and political relations are certainly language faculty which provide international communication in a global world.Besides writing and reading a foreign language, to be known the culture of its language is one of the prerequisite of a perfect translation..In this research,the novel ?koku? of Patrick Süskind (a litereary text) has got some hardship basing on from cultural differences.These are presented with examples which arising hardship in translation of language plays.
Übersetzungskritische analyse des romans Siddhartha Von Hermann Hesse
In this study we have examined how Kâmuran Şipal had translated into Turkish the sayings, similes, and repetitions in the story ?Siddhartha? by the famous German author Hermann Hesse of German Literature. The said expressions play an important role in bringing to the fore the aesthetic and artistic values of the literary texts. Therefore, in translating these expressions to the target language they must be translated into expressions of equivalent value in that language. Since expressions, similes and repetitions are the linguistic elements unique to a culture, the translator, at times find it difficult to translate them and may cause the artistic and aesthetic value of the original text to be lost. In this study, we have tried to determine the attitude and translation mentality of the translator in translating these expressions through the objective criticism method. Furthermore, in this study we have emphasized the reasons how these problems in translation came about.
Eine vergleichende literarische übersetzungskritik anhand des romans johann wolfgang von goethes die leiden des jungen werthers
Eine vergleichende literarische Übersetzungskritik anhand des Romans JohannWolfgang von Goethes die Leiden des jungen WerthersSedat KARAKAŞABSTRACTThe subject of the research is the analysis of the Turkish translations ofJohann Wolfgang von Goethe?s novel The Sufferings of young Werther by fourdifferent translators according to the principles of literary translation throughcomparative and descriptive methods and the discussion of them in the light ofliterature review.The aim of the study is to describe how a literary text has been translatedto the Turkish language, and to evaluate the style of this translation as well as todetermine to what extent the translator has been able to combine his knowledge ofthe field, subject matter and language he is expected to have with his creativity.The first chapter of the thesis covers literary translation, the qualities aliterary translator should embody, and theoretical information about literarytranslation. This information forms the data base which is to support this research.The second chapter includes brief information on Goethe and his novel. In thethird chapter, the translators? approach to translation and the norms that determinethis approach has been put forth. Information has been gathered about what kindof studies translators do before they start translating. That is, what norms areinvolved before the process of translating is initiated in order to reach this aim. Inthe fourth and last chapter, the original text and the translated texts have beencompared and contrasted in order to determine the norms of the translators?processes of translation. As a result of these comparative studies, how figurativeelements such as additions, omissions, replacements, implied expressions,metaphors, conveying of expressions and various plays on words, appearing intexts, are dealt with. In addition, the reasons for these have been discussed.Suggestions to the parts which are considered to be problematic have beenpresented by bearing in mind the validity of other probable suggestions.