Micro-rna profile of childhood and adult acute leukemia

Micro-RNAs are functional, non-protein coding RNA molecules and their transcriptions provided by intron or exon regions of the genome and non-protein coding regions of RNA genes. Micro-RNA s inhibit translation of protein and / or cause destruction of mRNA. Most of studies have demonstrated that many of these small molecules have critical importance in many important cellular events such as hematopoiesis, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. The role of micro-RNA s in acute leukemia has become the subject of research increasingly. In this study we aimed to identify micro-RNA profiles in the childhood and adult acute leukemia that one of hematologic malignancies.Materials and Methods: Fourty nine patients who were diagnosed with acute leukemia and who were admitted to Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology with Hematology Division of the Department of Internal Medicine between December 2010 and September 2011. Blood samples were taken twice in patient groups at diagnosis and during remission and plasma samples were stored. Blood samples were taken once in the healthy group and plasma were separated. The plasma samples were investigated by PCR analysis of micro-RNA. Acute leukemia was diagnosed by cytomorphological, immuno histochemical and flow cytometric studies. Thirty five patients who were diagnosed with ALL (31 child, 4 adult), fourteen patients who were diagnosed with AML (6 child, 8 adult) and seventy healthy persons (47 child, 23 adult) as a control group were included to studyResults: Newly diagnosed pediatric patients compared with healthy control groups; miR20a, miR25, miR92a, miR30c, miR106b, miR203, miR150, miR192, miR302c, miR184, miR218, miR320, miR342-3p, miR223, miR328, miR483-5p, miR376a, miR381, miR451, miR576-3p, miR548a levels were increased in newly diagnosed patients according to healthy control groups (p <0.05) while the miR20b, miR342-3p and miR548a levels in healthy control group of patients were increased according to newly diagnosed group (p <0.05 ) Healthy control groups compared with child patients whose in remission; miR769-3p, miR20a, miR92a, miR16, miR27b, miR192, miR320, miR223, miR484, miR451 levels were increased in healthy control groups according to child patients whose in remission. Newly diagnosed pediatric patients compared with patients whose in remission, miR30c, miR106b, miR25, miR184, miR218, miR302c, miR483-5p levels were increased in newly diagnosed pediatric patients more than child patients whose in remission (p<0.05) Newly diagnosed adult patients compared with healthy control groups; miR328 level were increased in healthy control groups, miR451 level were incresed in patients with newly diagnosed patients (p<0.05) .Conclusion: A new leukemia treatments includes significant changes especially in gene therapy. Micro-RNAs play a role in different events such as cell growth, differentiation, proliferation and death by suppressing one or more target gene. More than 50% of miRNA genes are located on the genome which has associated with cancer. A large number of experimental studies show that miRNAs may have generate a new class of oncogenes or tumor suppressor gene. miRNAs are thought to be identified at a different level of expression in normal and pathological tissues can be determined between the miRNAs that are effective diagnosis and treatment of human cancers