Focal cortical dysplasia brain conventional magnetic resonance imaging results and determination of ADC values

Purpose: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the contribution of cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). Material and method: We retrospectively analyzed the FCD cranial MRI findings of 63 patients who underwent brain MRI examination with 1.5-T and 3-T devices and diagnosed with focal cortical dysplasia at Radiodiagnostic department, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University between February 2011 and July 2016 Studied. In addition, ADC values were measured using a contralateral, symmetric healthy area of manual "region of interest" (ROI), including 50% of the hyperintense area of the lesion visible at each lesion level. Results: On cranial MRI examination, 82% of the patients had subcortical hyperintensity (SCH), 82% gray-white matter (GBC) interface blurring (Blurring), 76% Cortical thickening (CC), 65% Cortical signal increase (CSI) and Trasnmantle sign (TMS).Mean ADC values at the lesion level were 1,087x10-3 mm2 / s (0.82 / 1,316x10-3 mm2 / s) and mean ADC values measured from the contralateral symmetric area were 0,758x10-3 mm2 / s (0,678 / 0,872x10-3 mm2 / s) (P = 0.001). Conclusion: SCH, Blurring and CC were the most common findings in our study. Firstly, the search for these findings facilitates the recognition of patients with PHD. In DAG all lesions show diffuse increase. The quantitative mean ADC values we find in the differential diagnosis of other diffusion-increasing lesions can be used as a reference. For this reason, medical treatment-resistant FCD facilitates the diagnosis of surgically treated FKD by detecting conventional MRI findings, supporting with dADC, and adding EEG.