II. the reflection of official celebration and ceremonies of Constitutional Monarchy Period on the Ottoman press

The Ottoman press, which emerged when Ibrahim Muteferrika introduced the printing press to the Ottoman Empire, has witnessed many events since its inception. Along with newspapers and magazines, the press has often become the center of propaganda, which aiming to raise public awareness. The state tried to control it by issuing various regulations or enacting laws against the propaganda that became evident during the Tanzimat period. Especially during the Second Constitutional Era, the Ottoman press was shaped by the Consolidationists. During this period, there were various events that restricted the press, including the murder and exile of journalists, along with the closure of newspapers and magazines. Turks have held various celebrations and ceremonies on many subjects such as anniversaries, victories, religious holidays and special days since ancient times. The Ottomans also continued that celebrations and ceremonies. Ottoman celebrations and ceremonies and caused the people and the state to get closer to each other. At the same time, various concepts emerged with the celebrations and ceremonies. Along with the celebrations and ceremonies, many issues such as who took part in the celebrations and ceremonies, what was done in the celebrations and ceremonies, which practices took place were revealed. During the Second Constitutional Era, with the state adopting a new system, many official days were established. New concepts such as the Consolidation, Turkism, and Constitutional Monarchy emerged among the people. The Ottoman press carried many celebrations to its newspapers, as in many other subjects. The main part of our thesis is the Ottoman press. At the same time, it has been examined in resources such as books and articles related to the subject. In this study, in the first part, information about the Ottoman celebration culture will be given. In the last, main and second part of the thesis, II. The official celebrations and ceremonies of the Constitutional Era will be examined together with the Ottoman press.