Determination of agronomic and quality characteristics of some black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) genotypes at different planting periods in Mardin

This research was carried out in three replications according to the randomized blocks experimental design in winter and summer seasons in 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 sowing periods in order to determine the agronomic and quality characteristics of some black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) genotypes in different sowing periods in Mardin ecological conditions. Çameli cultivar and 18 different black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) genotypes were used in the study. As a result of the study, some chaaracters related to phenological, agronomic and quality were examined. According to the results obtained from the research in winter planting; the following variations in emergence time (28.3-35.5 days), flowering period (142-160 days), vegetation period (156-172 days), plant height (44-75.4 cm), number of branches (3.20-5.03 pieces/plant), number of capsules (7.20-14 pieces/plant), thousand seed weight (2.39 -3.09 g), seed weight per plant (0.94-2.48 g/plant), biological yield (295-905 kg/da), seed yield (35-110.2 kg/da), fatty oil rate (32.45-39.02%) and fatty oil yield (12.94-42.72 kg/) were observed. While in summer planting; a variation in emergence period (19.5-29 days), flowering period (79-98 days), vegetation period (101-113 days), plant height (35-58.6 cm), number of branches (3.08-5.08 pieces/plant), number of capsules (6.62-12.7 pieces/plant), thousand grain weight (2.20 -2.95 g), seed weight per plant (0.70-1.72 g/plant), biological yield (238-415 kg/da), seed yield (28-68.3 kg/da), fatty oil rate (33.99-38.13%) and fatty oil yield (9.69-25.18 kg/da) was found. As a result of the study, it was determined that Eskişehir-5 (G9) genotype performed better than other cultivars and genotypes in terms of seed yield and fatty oil yield in Mardin ecological conditions. Due to the early increase in temperatures in Mardin conditions, yield and other characteristics decreased in summer planting compared to winter planting. For this reason, the most suitable planting time for black cumin cultivation in Mardin conditions is recommended as winter planting.