Failed transition to democracy in Egypt

Democracy is one of the most demanded issues not only in Egypt but also in the region. Egyptian people have tried to reach democracy for a long time. Sometimes they tried to rise up to the authoritarian leaders yet; they failed all the time because of the weak support of the citizens. At the end of 2010, the Egyptian people supported the mass demonstration against the authoritarian rulers. The people in the region see that if they are a huge and decisive mass, then the ruler would have to stop doing undemocratic governance. Therefore, the uprising in Egypt had great hopes for a new politics in the region in which people freely vote for their political leaders. Hosni Mubarak was ousted after 18 days of uprising during the revolution on the 11th February 2011 in Egypt. He resigned from presidency and gave a mandate to the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF). The people optimistically believed that the old system would be replaced with the new democratic one. Among the Egyptians, there were significant differences in how these goals were understood in practice and how they would be reconciled with the cultural and, in particular religious' values. Mohamed Morsi, who was the first democratically elected president, was over thrown from the presidency by force from the military coup d'état on the 03rd July 2013. The domestic factors paved the way for the failure of Morsi namely the democratic transition process. Also the external factors both the global and regional powerful states secretly supported the coup and they gave financial aids just after the counter-revolution. This transition process was also blocked by the established order. Therefore, the main purpose of this dissertation is to find out the reasons for failure of the transition to democracy in Egypt. This dissertation argues why transition to democracy in Egypt failed.