H. pylori virulence factors VacA and DupA related with proinflammation cytokines for predicting gastric ulcer and gastric malignancy

The bacterium Helicobacter pylori (Hp) has been related to gastric cancer and ulcer illness. Infection of Helicobacter pylori normally with no symptoms but can lead to inflammation of stomach and intestinal ulceration. During the months of February to April 2022, 150 biopsy specimens were collected from patients with stomach ulcers and gastric malignancies who were admitted to hospitals in Maysan, Iraq. Isolates were cultivated for 3 days in a humidified CO2 incubator on Columbia agar, blood agar, and MacConkey plates at 37C° under anaerobic conditions. H. pylori appeared as a distinct water droplet-like colony (1-2) mm in diameter, and detection of H. pylori by diagnosis IgM and IgG, and Vitek-2, determine the concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF- in serum samples were determined using ELISA kits, and detection of virulence genes 16rRNA,dupA, and VacA which are responsible for pathogenesis by conventional PCR. The results showed, the age group (40-49) year had the highest proportion (33%) and the age group (10-19) had the lowest percentage (10%). In this study, we looked at the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF- in Iraqi patients with Helicobacter pylori infection, and found that the Mean ± SD 93.46 ± 48.37, 155.01 ± 130.22, 115.894 ± 42.488, and 103.22 ± 34.706. In diagnosis technique urea breath test was recorded a high rate 69.49 ± 11.908 then serological test 2.039 ± 1.341 and fecal Ab detection was 1.06 ± 0.239. Molecular amplification of the 16Srna gene employing an H. pylori-specific primer yielded a positive result in 43 (84.3%) of the cases. The VacA and dupA genes were found in 41 (80.3%) and 10 (19.6%) of HP, respectively. Keywords: H. pylori, Virulence factors, Gastric ulcer, Malignancy, VacA gene, DupA gene, Proinflamation cytokines