National culture and innovativeness: A cross-national comparison

The aim of this study is to find out how national cultural characteristics affect innovativeness at the national level, and based on national culture-organizational culture relationship to make inferences about cultural factors support or hinder innovativeness at the organizational level. In this respect, in order to reveal the relationship between innovativeness and culture at the national level were referred to Hofstede's cultural dimensions and to Global Innovation Index (GII) reports. In this regard, multiple linear regression analyses were performed by determining the six cultural dimensions scores of each country as independent variables and the innovativeness scores of these countries as dependent variables. The number of countries consist the sample of our study varies between 73 and 78 depending on mutual available data of two data sets between 2011 and 2017. Findings of the analyses showed that cultural characteristics have a considerable impact on innovativeness. It was found that cultural characteristics of individualism, long-term orientation, and indulgence affect innovativeness positively while large power distance's effect on innovativeness is negative. However, no significant relationship was found between innovativeness and characteristics of masculine and high uncertainty-avoidance cultures.