Örtüaltında farklı besin elementlerinin uygulanması ile yetiştirilen marul (lactuca sativa l.) bitkilerinde fizyolojik ve moleküler analizler

Macro and micro-elements have been widely used in agriculture to increase plant production and quality of produced plant. In this thesis study, 7 different fertilisers including boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), potassium (K), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) with combination of these elements were applied the root of lettuce plant by using drip irrigation technique, and physiological and molecular analyses were performed in these plants. Distilled water was used for control group. In physiological studies, total soluble protein contents were determined. Furthermore, SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase) enzyme activities were also analysed. Results were evaluated with ANOVA statistical program by using SPSS 20.0. When compared to control, B, Fe and K applications decreased protein content while other fertilisers' applications increased protein content. When the mixture and other fertiliser applications were compared, it was determined that only Cu and N treatments increased protein content. When control and the mixture applications are compared in enzyme activities, it was determined that B and K applications increased but Cu and P treatments decreased SOD activity. Other applications showed varying results (increase or decrease) in SOD enzyme activity. As compared to control, similar to SOD activity, B and K applications also increased CAT activity. It was also observed that all applications increased CAT activity when the mixture was compared with other applications. In molecular analyses, the movements of barley-specific Sukkula and Nikita with soybean-specific SIRE1 retrotransposons were analysed by IRAP (Inter Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism) molecular marker technique in lettuce genome for the first time. It was determined that these retrotransposons were active in lettuce genome but different fertiliser applications did not affect this movement. This thesis is the first detailed study effects of different chemical fertilisers on lettuce plant in terms of physiological and molecular aspects. Obtaining results are expected to contribute to find out effects of fertiliser use in lettuce and similar raw consuming vegetables.