Development of fabric pattern design in Turkey: A comparative analysis on Sümerbank and Vakko pattern examples

Considering the history of pattern design in Turkey, it would be incomplete and misleading to evaluate the established institutions that produce products for industrial production only in terms of examining the reflections of pattern design in Turkey, regardless of the socio-economic, political and cultural transformations of the country. In this context, the fact that the target groups addressed by Turkey's leading textile companies such as Sümerbank and Vakko are at different cultural and economic levels causes differences in the production of the companies. In this study, Sümerbank, founded by the Great Leader Atatürk, and Vakko, founded by Vitali Hakko, shed light on the process from the first years of the republic to the 2000s; In connection with this, the development of pattern studies in the historical process in Europe and the reflections of these developments on Turkey were also examined. In order to be able to read more clearly the contributions of Sümerbank and Vakko, especially to the restructuring process of the young republic, the effects of the industrial revolution on the country in the economic, social and cultural fields in the historical process have been tried to be conveyed through a literature review. The main purpose of our research is to make a comparison in the context of patterns of Sümerbank and Vakko, the leading institutions of Turkish fashion and textile history, which made pattern designs and printed these designs between 1930-2000 in our country; In this direction, the patterns selected from the pattern albums of these two organizations with two different target audiences are examined according to the years and the pattern differences that emerge as a result of the comparative pattern analysis are evaluated with the approaches of the companies in the pattern design process and the effect on creativity is examined. Within the scope of the study, the qualitative research method was used to collect data on the working conditions of the fabric pattern design process in the pattern design, the techniques used in the production of the patterns, the research and inspiration process and the production process, who worked/employed in the fabric pattern design department of Sümerbank and Vakko between the years 1930-2000. Interviews consisting of 17 questions were conducted with the participants. In the same context, a comparative analysis of the rapport features, pattern motif types, depth in patterns, number of colors, fabric types, and print types of a total of 17 patterns taken from Sümerbank and Vakko pattern albums was made. In the conclusion part of the thesis, the results of the interviews and pattern analyzes are included in detail, but in summary, the different target groups of Sümerbank and Vakko companies, taking into account commercial concerns during production, especially the color variety, pattern design techniques and printing techniques, these decisions are made in pattern designs. It has been concluded that there are limitations.