Evaluation the incidence of complications and the affecting factors in children's which applied cardiac catheterizations

Purpose:. Systemic, cardiac and peripheral vascular complications of cardiac catheterization for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in pediatric patients have increased with the increasing prevalence of the practice. Patients undergoing cardiac catheterization should be followed closely in terms of local and general complications that may develop. The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting the development of complications and to present the necessary data to the literature in order to reduce the frequency of complications as a result of some measures that can be taken for them. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 609 patients aged 0-18 years who had undergone cardiac catheterization between January 2012 and July 2021 by Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Cardiology. The patient's demographic data, data on cardiac catheterization, laboratory findings and all data in the post-procedure records were scanned and evaluated statistically. Findings: Of the patients aged 0 months to 216 months (mean 67.1±55.8 months), 371 (60.9%) were female. Interventional catheterization was performed in 419 (68.4%) patients, and diagnostic cardiac catheterization was performed in 193 patients (31.6%). Complications were detected in 39 patients (6.4%). The most common complication was vascular complications in 16 patients (41%), bleeding in 5 patients (12.8%), anemia in 4 patients (10.3%), arrhythmia in 3 patients (7.7%), and mortality in 2 patients ( 0.3%) was seen. In the univariate analysis performed in terms of independent risk factors, the complication rate was found to be high in patients younger than 1 year old (p<0.05). Risk factors for the development of complications were determined as <10kg (p=0.001) and <1 year (p=0.002). Conclusion: Congenital cardiac disease is prominent in our study in terms of pediatric cardiac catheterization indication. In our study, interventional cardiac catheterization was the most common, and PDA closure was the first line. The most common complication is vascular complications, followed by bleeding and anemia. Low body weight (<10kg) and patients under 12 months of age were found to be at risk for the development of complications. Considering that some studies only include certain age groups or certain types of transactions, our study sheds light on the data in our country since it contains a wider range of different types of transactions. More studies and data are needed to identify and prevent complications. KEYWORDS: Cardiac catheterization, Complication, Child