The relation between the prevalence & severity of coronary artery disease and serum adiponectin & leptin levels and rs 266729 gene polymorphism

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the most observed reasons of deaths in developed countries. The cardiovascular risk factors must be placed under control in order to decrease not only the frequency of but also the mortality rates in the coroner artery diseases (CAD) and other CVD. All of the coroner events are not observed among the people who have many traditional risk factors. Many studies have been analyzing the relationship between adipokines (two of which are adiponectin and leptin) secreted from fat tissues and CVD. In this study, we have three main objectives: First of all, we aim to compare the serum adiponectin and leptin levels among three different patient groups with Acute Coronary Syndrome, Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Angiographic Normal Coronary Arteries. Secondly, we wish to discover whether the serum adiponectin and leptin levels are among the classical risk factors or not. Finally we wish to analyze whether adiponectin rs266729 gene polymorphism have any relationship with adiponectin and leptin levels and prevalence/ severity of CAD.In this study, a total of 150 subjects (50 of which are with Acute Coronary Syndrome, 50 are with Stable Coronary Artery Disease, 50 are with Normal Coronary Arteries) were selected from people who were admitted to our Cardiology Policlinics or Emergency Service and underwent coronary angiography. Patients groups were compared according their demographics, CV risk factors, biochemical parameters, serum adiponectin and leptin levels, the existence and severity of hepatosteatosis measured by abdomen ultrasonography and carotis intima-media thickness measured by ultrasonography. Moreover the relationship between prevalence and severity of CAD and serum adiponectin and leptin levels using Gensini scores.Our results revealed that the relationship between rs266729 gene polymorphism and adiponectin and leptin levels are not statistically significant. The serum adiponectin and leptin levels have found to be similar in three different patient groups. Moreover serum total adiponectin and leptin levels do not reveal any evidence of prevalence and severity of CAD. As a result, the need for experimental studies as well as randomize, prospective long term studies is vital in order to enlighten the duties of adiponectin and leptin levels in CVD and atherosclerosis pathogenesis, to define adiponectin and leptin levels as a CV risk factor, and to make adiponectin and leptin a treatment objective in primary and secondary prevention from atherosclerosis.