Investigation of surface markers in patients to have peripheral hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a therapeutic option in hematological malignancies and other many diseases. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the return of stem cells collected from the patient after the preparatory regimen. The mobilization of stem cells into the peripheral blood is necessary. The most commonly used approach for mobilization is granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) alone or in combination with high-dose chemotherapy. Cluster of Differentiation (CD) markers are key in distinguishing cells and can be detected by immunophenotyping by flow cytometry. In this way, the diagnosis of leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, immune deficiencies, autoimmune and platelet diseases can be provided. Monoclonal gammopathy is a condition in which a monoclonal immunoglobulin or fragment is produced by clonal proliferation of B lymphocytes. Multiple myeloma is one of them. In the light of this information, it was aimed to determine the effects of cyclophosphamide and G-CSF on CD45, CD34, CD38, CD45RA, CD71, CD90, CD117 in patients diagnosed multiple myeloma and planned for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Thirteen patients followed in Mersin University Hospital were included. After cyclophosphamide was given on day 0, G-CSF was administered on the 5th day in the morning and evening for 6 days. On day 11, only the morning dose was given. Before cyclophosphamide administration on day 0 and 1 hour after G-CSF administration on day 11, 2 ml blood sample was taken into hemogram tubes with ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid. Percentages, and differences of selected markers were determined by flow cytometric method. In the lymphocyte gate there was a decrease in CD38+ and CD45RA+ cells, an increase in CD34+ and CD90+/CD34+ cells and a high level of positive linear correlation between CD90+/CD34+, CD117+/CD34+ cells. In the monocyte gate there was an increase in total monocytes and a decrease in CD45RA+ cells. We think that our findings will be helpful in the treatment of multiple myeloma by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Keywords: Flow cytometry, CD, Granulocyte colony stimulating factor, Multiple myeloma, Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation