Comparison of individuals with morningness and eveningness chronotype with type 2 diabetes in terms of eating attitude, nutritional habits, blood parameters and quality of life

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from a defect in insulin action, insulin secretion, or both. Chronotype is defined as differences in people's preferred sleep and activity times based on their circadian rhythms. Individuals are divided into three different classes in terms of chronotype: morningness, eveningness and intermediate chronotypes. Information on the relationship between chronotypic variations and glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes is limited. The aim of this study is to evaluate the eating attitudes, eating habits, blood parameters and quality of life of individuals with type 2 diabetes according to chronotype differences. In order to collect data in the study, Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, Eating Attitude Test-26, General Information, Health Status and Nutrition Habits Evaluation Survey Form, Diabetes Quality of Life scale were used and the blood parameters of the participants were examined. The results of the research were evaluated using statistical methods. It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between chronotype and eating attitude, main meal skipping, times when mid-morning snack, lunch and dinner were consumed, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c (%), triglyceride and HDL cholesterol levels (p>0.05). It was found that there was a statistically significant difference between chronotype and the time of breakfast, afternoon and night snacks, and cholesterol levels (p<0.05). Although LDL cholesterol levels showed a significant difference according to chronotype (p<0.05), it was determined that the source of the difference was in individuals with morningness and intermediate chronotypes. It was determined that the total score of the Diabetes Quality of Life scale showed a statistically significant difference according to morningness and eveningness chronotypes (p <0.05). In order to generalize the research results, it is recommended to conduct new studies that will comprehensively examine the effect of chronotype on individuals with type 2 diabetes.