Marketing Management
150 theses under this subject heading
Brand Loyalty in the Construction Sector The Case of North Cyprus
“Construction sector occupies an important place in the economy of the TRNC, and parallel to the population growth, the demands for buildings continue to increase” (building construction and parcel statistics, 2009). The figures released by the State Planning Organization (SPO) indicate that Urban building has been increased by 13.4% from 131,619(1997) to 308,405 (2009) floor area (m2). This dramatic expansion will result in appearance of the more construction company and of course the more contracts will be signed among contractor and the customers. The objective of the thesis is to explore the source of customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction in the construction industry and understand how it can influence the brand loyalty to retain value customer and gain repeat business and to measure the brand loyalty influences. For this purpose a conceptual model were designed and be tested empirically by using structural equation modeling. Dimensions will be determined which can be significant predictors of overall home-buying satisfaction. In the field of construction, brand loyalty can be defined by having more contracts by the mean of loyal customer with the contractor. For this reason 14 hypotheses were defined and their relationships were tested on the sample of 101 respondents. The results provide empirical support and positive relationship for 10 of 14 hypothesis examined. Keywords: Construction industry, brand loyalty, customer satisfaction.
The Effect of Management Commitment to Service on Employee Service Behavior: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction
The airline industry is considered as one of the most competitive industries in the service field. According to International Air Transportation Association (IATA), more than 230 airlines actively operate all over the world. Kazakhstan is not an exception. It has its own airline company, “Air Astana” has strengthened its position not only in local but also in the international markets. Today, it can offer links to more than 60 destinations and provides service in a high competitive environment. “Air Astana” has been chosen as a case study as an airline service provider. Frontline employees in the airlines were chosen as an object of the research. Organizational commitment towards frontline employees was explored from the management point of view and the following service behavior of employees was tracked. In order to conduct the research, 91 employees, and their managers have been surveyed. The role of service employees was exalted recently, and the necessity of employee development as the service performer for the airline organizations became critical. Because the quality of the service, that a company promises to the customers depends on employee performance. Therefore, frontline employee performance is a key factor for customer satisfaction and further loyalty. In order to evaluate the employee job satisfaction and its influences on employee service performance, much of this research has used the management commitment initiatives. Several studies suggest that organizational support, reward, empowerment, and training as the most significant indexes for job satisfaction and further employee service behavior towards customers and co-workers. The lack of the information about the impact of the management commitment to service employees and its consequent outcome in employee`s attitudes and behaviors has not received as much attention in the airline industry. As a result, it leads the current study to compensate the information in the literature and to present the invaluable resources for the management in the organizations. Keywords: management commitment; job satisfaction, customer service behavior; cooperation.
Analysing Socially Responsible Consumption Among Eastern Mediterranean University Students
The concept of sustainable consumption and socially responsible consumption practises at the global level has been shaped by concerns surrounding the growing global population and the effects of social systems, economic trends, and environmental transformations. This study aims to analyse the concept of socially responsible consumption and investigate the psychological factors that influence university students as consumers to engage in sustainable and ethical behaviours. University students' consumption habits are essential for understanding future social norms, as they significantly impact the future. To achieve the purpose of this study, an extensive exploration of existing literature on the concept of socially responsible consumption was carried out to discover the various definitions proposed by researchers in the past. The study used the theory of planned behaviour and the norm activation theory to understand the predictive factors influencing intentions and actual behaviours related to socially responsible consumption. Six hypotheses were developed from both theories and later tested through structured questionnaires shared with Eastern Mediterranean University students. Correlation and multiple regression analysis were conducted from the data obtained from 140 students who participated in the survey. Results indicate that only obligations failed to predict intentional behaviours among the six tested hypotheses. The factors that were formulated to predict intentional behaviours had a significant effect, although to a different degree. The results also portrayed a positive relationship between university students' intentional behaviours towards the practice of SRC. The study concludes with its findings' theoretical and managerial implications for institutions of higher learning, decision-makers, and marketers. The limitations and suggestions for future research were also discussed. Keywords: Sustainable Consumption, Socially Responsible Consumption, Intentions, Knowledge Awareness, Attitudes, Subjective Norms, Perceived Behavioural Control, Moral Obligations.
Brand Equity, Brand Experience, Consumer Satisfaction and Loyalty [THESIS] / Ridhwan Olatunji Olaoke Submitted to
This study was aimed at evaluating whether brand experience mediates the effects of the components of Consumer Based Brand Equity (CBBE) i.e. lifestyle congruence, staff behavior, physical quality and self-congruence and on consumer satisfaction and loyalty within the confines of Famagusta, North Cyprus. The research adopted a quantitative research methodology where a number of surveys were distributed within Eastern Mediterranean University with a remarkable response rate. An analysis was conducted that proved that most of the respondents had a clear understanding of the survey. Analysis was done using the structural equations modelling test following the bootstrapping method. However necessary reliability and validity tests were carried out for the scales likewise the confirmatory factor analysis for the construct. The results of the study showed that brand experience did not mediate the effects of the dimensions of CBBE on brand loyalty. However, brand experience did fully mediate the effects of two of the dimensions of CBBE i.e. brand identification and lifestyle congruence which signifies that consumers tend to be more satisfied with brands that give experiences that match with their lifestyles and self-concepts. The research also further confirmed the facts from previous research that CBBE does have an effect on consumer satisfaction and loyalty. The study recommended that managers and marketers should seek to understand the interests and needs of consumers and give them experiences that would match their self-concepts and lifestyles thereby stimulating them to show attachment to the brand and identify with it.
The Effects of Age Differences on Affective and Cognitive Impulse Buying
Impulse buying is defined as feeling a strong and urgent desire to buy a product without previous intention to purchase. Impulse buying might be triggered by external or internal stimulus. The reaction to these stimuli can happen affectively, cognitively or as the combination of two. When affective states overcome cognitive states impulse buying is likely to happen. The purpose of this study is to define differences of affective and cognitive processes associated with impulse buying behavior in different age groups. Two hundred and twenty three individuals were surveyed from different classes of society in Famagusta, North Cyprus. One way analysis of variance determined that there are significant differences between people in different age groups in terms of “positive buying emotions”, “mood management”, “cognitive deliberation” and “unplanned buying” processes associated with impulse buying. There was no significant difference in terms of “Irresistible urge to buy”. Among all these processes associated with impulse buying “positive buying emotions” has the most correlation with age. Results revealed that consumers within age range of (34-38) have the highest level of impulse purchases, due to the fact that consumers in this group are more obsessed with their self-image.
Effective Factors of Gambling Behaviors: The Case of the North Cyprus Casinos
This thesis empirically investigates 30 important factors affecting gambling activities of the casinos in North Cyrus. 150 participates are used to evaluate the case by conducting means scores, independent sample T-test and One-way Anova analysis. The empirical results show that the factor called being “a sociable person” has statistical difference on the determinants of gambling behaviors where as the least important difference is “my only source of revenue is gambling.” The result also indicates “Gambling is the best way to laundry money” based on both the T-test and One-way Anova analysis.
Effect of Social Media Marketing on Consumer Based Brand Equity and Word of Mouth: A Case Study of Eastern Mediterranean University
This study sought to analyze the effects of social media communication in terms of user-generated and firm created social media communication on brand equity and word of mouth. The research took place within the scope of Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, TRNC. A quantitative research method was adopted for the purpose of this research. A substantial number of survey questionnaires were administered and a considerable number of responses were generated which served as data for this research. Also appropriate analysis was carried out to ensure the responses gotten were valid enough for further analysis and drawing conclusions. The results of the analysis conducted depicted that social media communication (firm-created and user-generated) had significant effects on overall brand equity and word of mouth respectively. However their level of effects on each of the dependent variables differed from each other suggesting other factors also contributed to the effects. It further confirms the research in previous works on the importance of social media communication and its role in building brand equity and generating positive word of mouth. This study suggested that universities (including organizations) take advantage of the social media by engaging their respective clients online in terms of attending to complaints, providing adequate and necessary information especially through facebook which would in turn build a level of involvement and rapport with students and clients.
Factors Influencing Purchase of Personal Computers Devices from the Market in North Cyprus: An Empirical Study
This thesis empirically investigates twenty five important factors for computer selection criteria in the market place of North Cyprus. 150 respondents, living in different districts of North Cyprus participated in this survey. The three approaches; Means,Independent Samples Test, one-way ANOVA were used to conduct, investigate and compare the selection criteria. The results of descriptive statistics show that the technology development, warranty offered, safety future, style and high resolution are most important factors in computer selection criteria. The results based on independent sample t-test show that almost all of the factors carry the weight for male and female customers on their computers selection criteria except “Its value for money”. It is found that “Its value for money” is more important parameter for male on their selection in comparison with females. The results based on age also reveal that “Its style/look” is statistically different among various age groups of respondents on their computers selection criteria. Furthermore, two factors namely, “Its last released product is preferable” and “Its set is cheaper” have statistically significant difference among various job statuses of respondents on their computer selection criteria. …………………………………………………………………………… ÖZ: Bu tez bilgisayar piyasasındaki satın alma faktörlerini kullanarak Kuzey Kıbrıs’daki yerel piyasayı ampirik olarak inceler. Bilgisayar Piyasasında 150 kişiyi hedef alınmıştır. Ortalam değerler, bağımsız örneklem t-değerleri ve tek yönlü ANOVA analizi kullanılarak bu faktörlerin burada yaşayan kişiler üzerindeki etkisi mukayese edilmiştir. Tanımlayıcı bilgiler gösteriyor ki teknolojik gelişim, garanti belgesi, emniyet belgesi, sitil ve yüksek çözünülürlük bilgisayar satın almada en önemli faktörlerdir. Bağımsız örneklem t sonuçları fiyat uygunluğu, kolay kullanım, ucuz servis üçretleri indirimli paket satışları, arkadaş tavsiyeleri ve malın parasal değeri kriterleri en önemli farklılıklar olduğunu göstermektedir. Diğer faktörlerin ise farklılık yaratmadığı ampirik olarak ortaya konulmaktadır. Yaş üzerinden yapılan analizlerde tam olarak etkileyen faktörler ise ürün görüntüsü, piyasaya sürülen son ürünler, ve ürünün fiyat’ının ucuzluğu etkisi olarak tespit ediliyor. Bu sonuçlara ilaveten, Diğer ilgili faktörlerin çok farklılık yaratmadığı ampirik olarak belirtilmiştir.
Service failure and recovery in the airline industry: Evidence from the TRNC
The marketing concept is based on the principle of satisfying customers. The ultimate goal of marketing and marketers is to achieve a high level of customer satisfaction and to enhance the relationship with customers. Loyal customers are the most profitable group for companies. Service failures are unwanted defects but they are inevitable. Service failures can happen both during the process of service delivery and as a result of delivery process. Therefore, to avoid dissatisfaction and keep the current customer satisfied, service providers have a second chance which is called ‘service recovery’. It is important for the service provider to employ effective service recovery strategies to alter undesirable consequences of failures (Maxham, 2001). The aim of the study is to investigate the service failure recovery experiences of airline passengers who are flying to or from Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Ercan Airport. This research will identify the failure types that passengers experience during their travel and the recovery strategies used by the service firms. The study also explores customer expectations (the expected recovery action) when the recovery had not been attempted. The study also aims to measure whether passengers are satisfied with the recovery strategies used and their behavioral intentions (e.g., WOM intentions and repurchase intentions) after the recovery process. This study shed light on managing customer relations within the airline industry in North Cyprus. Delay of flight, damaged and lost luggage, uncomfortable seats, and food and beverage quality were identified as the most frequent experienced failure types by passengers. Explanation, apology and professional and friendly staff attitude iv were identified as mostly used recovery strategies by airlines. Explanation, offering a better service and apology were identified as the mostly frequently expected recovery strategies. Further, there exist negative relationships among perceived severity of the service failure and satisfaction with the recovery and time taken to resolve a problem and satisfaction with the recovery (i.e. as time taken and perceived severity increase, satisfaction drops). On the other hand, positive relationships were found among satisfaction with the recovery and overall satisfaction, overall satisfaction and repurchase intentions and overall satisfaction and recommending the airlines. Keywords: Service recovery, satisfaction, loyalty, airline industry, North Cyprus.
Study of the Most Important Influential Factors in the Selection and Purchase Decision Process of Women Cosmetic Products (Skin Cares) in North of Cyprus
Marketers in cosmetics industry are required more perfect perception about consumer‟s behavior as a basis for making better strategic decisions regarding definition of market and production line as well as more appropriate tactic decisions concerning to taking the certain hybrid marketing measures. This study aims at searching for what kind of factors affect the buyers‟ behavior. The purpose was to compare the similarities and differences in two factors (internal and external). The descriptive data analysis at first phase included tables, diagrams, and charts used for organizing, summary, description, and raw data. The descriptive analysis measures the central tendency like mean, and median. To create a model, we should present approximation and or conjecture about the values and variables and their ratios with each other. The regression have been done between Depend variable and independent variable. The value of Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.902 in this study, the result showed that before marketing managers should respond to problem recognition generated by outside factors, they must be able to identify consumer problems, because internal and external factors effects on consumer behavior. Keywords: External factors, Internal factors, Buying decision process, Cosmetic products
The Effect of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction
This thesis is an evaluation of the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction with a specific focus on Eastern Mediterranean university of North Cyprus. This study examined the academic such as the teaching system, course curriculum and non-academic factors such as Accounts office, Registrar s office, Transportation system and lastly the Library system, these factors were examined in order to find out if they had an effect on the student s satisfaction. The methodology used in the study is the Descriptive research. The questionnaire that was administered in the field survey was the abbreviated version of. The results of the analysis showed that: the respondents s response according to the program level had enough evidence that students believed that the university management was not giving enough attention on prompt/dealing with the students s complaints this affects the students s satisfaction because they are not helped to their expectations and their complaints are not given attention.: the results also showed that there is a positive relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction. The recommendations made in the study are that university: must carry out training and seminars for the staff in order to improve on promptly dealing with complaints with the help of the seminars the staff will be able to give good and enough information on the students s complaints and install confidence: should also continue improving the academic and non-academic factors because they have a positive relationship with the students s satisfaction. Keywords:Student Satisfaction , Service Quality, Eastern Medıterenean Unıversıty
Determinants of FDI in Selected Asian Countries
This thesis aims to examine the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in 20 selected Asian countries in the time period of 2013 to 2017 by using panel data model. Fixed and random two types of panel data techniques have used during the analysis for the classical eight determinants of FDI, to see whether they are also relevant in the case of Asian countries. The determinants tested are GDP as representative of the market size, GDP per capita, labor force, inflation as macroeconomic stability, fuel exports as natural resources, domestic credit to private sectors as financial development, trade openness and economic growth rate. The findings show that economic growth, GDP, trade openness and labor force are the significant determinants of FDI in the sample Asian countries. While, GDP per capita, inflation, fuel exports, domestic credit to private sectors have no significant impact on FDI. Based on these results, policy recommendations are put forward to the 20 Asian countries. In order to increase FDI, additional improvements should be made in GDP, labor force, trade openness and economic growth. Keywords: FDI, GDP, GDP per capita, trade openness, fuel exports, labor force, economic growth, inflation, Asian countries
Effect of Brand Experience on Satisfaction and Loyalty: Linear and Curvilinear Relationship
ABSTRACT: This research aims to explore two models: first, examining the nonlinear relationship between brand experience and outcome variables, i.e., consumer satisfaction and brand loyalty; second, the effect of consumer personality traits on the outcome variables. The aim is to demonstrate that increased brand experience does not always lead to positive responses from customers in terms of satisfaction and loyalty drawing from the “too much of a good thing” meta-theoretical principle. In addition, drawing from 3M Theory, to examine to what extent consumer personality traits influence their behaviours towards brands Data were collected from 274 participants through questionnaires administered randomly in populated areas and further analysed using regressions. The results confirmed that there exists a nonlinear relationship between brand experience, consumer satisfaction, and brand loyalty. In other words, brand experience influences the outcome variables to a point where its effect begins to diminish and becomes negative. This makes it paramount for brand managers especially in the tourism and hospitality sector to remain aware that delivering a superior experience to their customers does not necessarily increase their level of satisfaction. The study also confirmed that some of the big 5 personality traits have influence on consumer behaviour in terms of brand experience, satisfaction and loyalty. This further strengthens the 3M Theory as to how consumer personality traits play a significant role in shaping consumer experiences with brands. This study also provides a fresh perspective on the brand experience construct in the service industry. It departs from mainstream brand experience studies by demonstrating that the relationship between brand experience, satisfaction, and loyalty is nonlinear, where increasing brand experience is associated with diminishing returns of satisfaction and loyalty. Keywords: Brand experience, consumer satisfaction, brand loyalty, curvilinear relationship, personality traits.
A Comparative Study of HRM Practices Based on Hofstede Cultural Dimensions
ABSTRACT: With increasing globalization in today‟s world it seems necessary to consider culture as one important factor which has influence in designing and implementing HRM practices. This thesis applied Hofstede cultural dimensions for investigating cultural variation across countries. The goal of this study is to examine the impact of cultural dimensions on HRM practices with general looking on 24 countries which their data was available on CRANET and looking more closely on 4 European countries. Methodology: Countries selected from CRANET database. The independent variables were cultural dimensions (power distance, uncertainty avoidance, collectivism/individualism, and masculinity/femininity) and written documents, style of decision making (centralized or decentralize), action programs for women, team working and direct communication are considered as dependent variables. For analyzing data, regression analysis, one way ANOVA and T-test were used. Findings: The results demonstrated that cultural dimensions have an influence on HRM practices. The outcomes showed that high uncertainty avoidance has a weak influence on using more written documents, high power distance has a weak relationship with centralized decision making, in collectivistic countries the way of selecting employees is internally, organizations in low masculinity countries have action programs for women, employees in low power distance countries contact to their managers directly and results did not show that variable pay in collectivistic countries is based on team performance. Keywords: Culture, Cultural dimensions, HRM practices. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Interactions between Social Media and E-service Quality of Online Travel Agencies in Nigeria
The objective of this study is to examine in what way and to what extent does social media influence the quality of electronic services online travel agencies offer, from the consumer’s perception. A few e-service dimensions have been introduced in past researchers. Only a few of these investigated the influence social media have on the quality of e-service, especially now that advancement in technology has allowed for interfaces between personnel and consumers as well as amongst consumers. These interfaces have been said to have considerable influences on e-service quality. Gleaning from dimensions of e-service quality already identified by scholars, dimensions were put together to examine how reviews on online travel agencies’ websites could influence quality of services provided. Parasuraman et al., (2005) established that perceived value is enhanced by service quality which subsequently enhances the customer’s loyalty intention. Thus, dimensions of e-service quality were used to investigate online reviews on online travel agencies’ websites and the influence it has on perceived quality and loyalty intention. Findings from the investigation suggested that information and content quality dimension of online travel reviews drives e-service quality. This was the result following a multiple regression analysis. The import of this is that when an online travel agency increases the information and content quality of the reviews on its website, the website user’s perceived value increases and this subsequently heightens the user’s loyalty intention. Keywords: Online Travel Agencies, Social Media, E-service Quality
Customer Loyalty in the Telecommunication Industry in Nigeria
The purpose of this study was to develop and test a model which examined customer loyalty in telecommunication industry in Nigeria. The research collected data through questionnaire which was self-administered from a sample of mobile users of the telecom industry in the Nigerian. The importance of customer loyalty cannot be over emphasized as this study has showed that it is significant to organizational growth financially. The SPSS 17 and SMART PLS 2.0 software packages were used for data entry and further analysis. The PLS analyses results show significant relationship and provides support for majority of the hypothesis setup according to extensive literature review such as customer satisfaction, service quality, customer support, customer expectation among others. However, results show that there is no significant relationship between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty but, some other variable which are switching barrier and interpersonal relationship in Nigeria. The study also discusses a few managerial suggestions and gave future recommendation. Keywords: Customer loyalty, Customer satisfaction, Sales promotion, Image, Service quality.
Factors Influencing Intention(s) to Use Electronic Payment Systems: The Case of North Cyprus
Ever since the development of commercial space on the internet back in the early 1990s, different types of electronic payment systems (EPS) and vendors have emerged. The popularity of EPS has been facilitated by the growth of the internet and attracted the attention of both academics and practioners. Although numerous studies have been carried out in the field of EPS, none of these have investigated the effect of self-confidence. In this study, self-confidence has been studied in its distinct forms namely general and specific self-confidence. Furthermore, provided benefit and risk have been investigated from the perspective of individuals as opposed to merchants’. In that regard, this study have aimed to established whether: (i) general self-confidence has an effect on individuals’ intention to use electronic payment systems; (ii) specific self-confidence has an effect on individuals’ intention to use electronic payment systems, (iii) any relationship exists between these two types of confidence and perceived risk as well as perceived benefits of using electronic payment systems. A broad literature review was engaged in order to conceptualize the variables of perceived benefit, perceived risk, general self-confidence and specific self-confidence, and their effect on consumer behaviour. Following that, four hypotheses were developed to examine the possible effect of these variables on the intention to use electronic payment systems. The hypotheses were investigated using t-tests, ANOVA tests and regression analysis of data obtained via a survey of 473 respondents in North Cyprus. The findings showed that both general and specific self-confidence do not have a significant effect but perceived benefit and perceived risk have a significant iv positive effect on the intention to use electronic payment systems. Moreover, it was also found that there was a positive relationship between perceived benefit and perceived risk. To conclude, the theoretical and managerial implications of the findings, the limitations of the study and directions for future research are discussed. Keywords: Intention(s) to use Electronic Payment System, General Self-Confidence, Specific Self-Confidence, Perceived Risk, Perceived Benefit.
Employee Perception to Training and Development
Training and development has become an essential and deliberate investment in human resource capital. It plays a distinct role in improving the overall performance of employees and profitability of an organization. Employees‟ perception of training and development activities creates a feeling of value (Social exchange), this creates a relationship and loyalty between the employees and the organization. This study was aimed at exploring the perception employees have toward the training and development program already provided by the organization and to investigate employees‟ satisfaction with training programs in their organizations. The research adopted a quantitative research method, 350 questionnaires were distributed to employees that have participated in training activities in the Nigerian banking sector with a remarkable response rate. Analysis was done using IBM SPSS software, reliability test was carried out and factor analysis. Results indicate that they exist strong relationship between employees‟ job satisfaction and overall satisfaction with the amount of training received. Employees‟ value training activities if they believe it will increase their ability to carry out their tasks, this also increases satisfaction and motivation of the employees. Keywords: training, development, employee, perception, satisfaction
Impact of International Students on a Small Economy: Evidence from North Cyprus
In the recent years there has been a mass influx of international students to various education hubs across the globe. The resulting concentration of the students in their destinations of choice have increased the market share of the goods and services provided in such towns and economies. This thesis examines the empirical relationship between the enrollment of international students within universities in North Cyprus, and economic growth during the period between 1977- 2020. the Augmented model of Dobb Douglas production function is conducted to establish if international students kindle the expansion of the economy process. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) methodology is used to evaluate the model’s significance and the comparative relevance of various factors such as capital investment and labor force that could cause an effect on the Turkish Cypriot economy. On the basis of the findings, approximated, power of explication endorses the opinion that international students in the long and short run, it may be a helpful booster of the home economy. Additionally, there is a unidirectional flow from international students to economic growth in the long run.
The Effect of Burnout on the Turnover Intention: A Study on 5 Star Hotels in Famagusta
Servicing is the one of the most stressful occupations in the 21st century. Hotel employees take a significant role in servicing in hospitality and tourism sector. Being in service sector mainly centred on clients’ problems, and facing and working with people is backbreaking. The emotional pressure, long working hours and shifts, relations and communications with colleagues and managers, active working for long hours, work ambiguity or overloaded work are some of the reasons causes burnout in certain time in hospitality among hotel employees. Burnout is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. Burnout syndrome consists of three basic dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment, and these dimensions express the changes in the life of the individual experiencing burnout. Burnout closely concerns and affects individuals, businesses and organizations. Hotel businesses and employees are also one of the sectors closely affected. In hospitality and tourism sector work conditions and laws unsatisfactory in Northern Cyprus. Compered to developed countries in Famagusta region in Northern Cyprus hotels have worse conditions for employees. Furthermore lack of governmental controls, inspections causes illegal shifts and overloaded work, which are non-ethical work conditions, affects employees’ emotions and physical conditions negatively. The aim of the current study is to consider hotel employees’ burnout level affects on turnover intention. This study conducted on five-star hotel employees in Famagusta. Two fıve-star hotels located in Famagusta region. 280 hotel employees voluntarily participated in this research. 204 of participants totally complete the questionnaires. According to the ANOVA test p-value result (p<0.05=0.005) an important positive relationship found between burnout and turnover intention. Burnout affects hotel employees’ turnover intentions. Keywords: hotel employees, burnout, turnover intention, Northern Cyprus, hotels, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment, Famagusta, five stared hotels
The Impact of Internal Marketing on Employees Job Satisfaction and Social Responsibility: An Application to Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Banking Sector
The study aims to identify the impact of Internal Marketing to Employees Job Satisfaction in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) Banking Sector both foreigner national to the on the Corporate social responsibility. Nowadays, the banking industry has to recognize the changes and challenges which facing them, this research also discussing findings from a descriptive study concerning internal marketing to employee job satisfaction in the TRNC banking industry. Due the aim of this concept IM, aimed at developing customers -consensus employees and turning service quality into an banks imperative. The underlying assumption is that viewing employees as one of the most banks assets and treating them as internal customers, while this factor will help banks executives identifying the critical dimensions of internal marketing which affects employee’s job satisfaction that affect the employees turnover rate. Therefore, recognizing the reality of interest in applying Internal marketing practices in the banking sector of TRNC and the importance of the corporate social responsibility practice role. Finally, Conceptual and operational definition of social responsibility, internal marketing and Job satisfaction were analyzed to generate an item pool for testing. Generalized items were then tested in the TRNC banking sector in the both national and foreigner (N=307). iv The data were integrated into the computer and processed using SPSS 22.0 statistical program and AMOS 22.0 and SEM which helped specify, estimate, assess and present models to show hypothesized relationships among variables. The main purpose of using this software to build models more accurately than with standard multivariate statistics techniques. Ratability validity of measurement model embassies when doing a CFA (Alpha Cronbach = 0.963).
The Perception of Online Ethics and its Impact on Consumers’ Satisfaction: Case of Clothing Industry in North Cyprus
Social media is the most impressive trend of 21 century that facilitates the attraction of customers through modern life. There has been great strides toward online services that has led to attention to online ethics and moral issues as well. The growth of online services takes privacy and security of online retails in to consideration in a way that might affect customers’ satisfaction and the related industries as well.Other studies considered the influence of perception of ethics on trust, word of mouth, buying intention, while this study focuses on satisfaction of customers in online purchasing. Perception of ethics in this study includes four factors comprising security, privacy, non-deception and fulfilment. It has been said that global internet transaction remarked basic emphasis of ethics in e-commerce. Regarding the easiness of switching from one website to another, retailer should consider ethics as an essential matter. According to previous studies, financial, product, psychological, time/convenience, system security were considered as online perceived risks. Though, this study converts them to differnt four categories as explained above. Sample were collected among educated people in the erea of Turkish Republic of Northen Cyprus. Applying an administrated questionnaire, 250 respondents answered the survey distributed between them. The data analysis was conducted through Minitab 17.0. The Results showed a significant positive effect for the all four dimensions of ethics on consumers’ satisfaction. Hence, ethics playing a major role in affecting consumers’ satisfaction related to online purchasing. Nevertheless, by using the step wise multiple regression, we add the constituents of POE in that equation up to the point, we achieve to the insignificancy of one of the dimension. The outcomes confirm that security, fulfillment and non-deception have positive and significant relation with web satisfaction, while privacy lacks of a meaningful relation.
Impact of Nepotism on Turnover Intention and Service Recovery Performance; The Case of Private Hospitals in TRNC
ABSTRACT: Nepotism is actually an ethical problem in any organization where it is condoled. It has been shown that nepotism has a serious and negative implication where it is entrenched, This tends to destroy organizational harmony and motivation among the employee. There is also a tendency for conflict when disharmony and dissatisfaction take hold in the organization.it found significant level of affective organizational commitment in our sample of study which tremendously reduced the negative impact of nepotism of job satisfaction in our sample. Hence, we established on the bases of our test result that nepotism do not really negatively affect organizational commitment in our sample. Furthermore, the estimated model and test result confirmed the significance of employee‟s job satisfaction and its positive impact of service recovery in our sample of study. We however found a weak positive relationship between turnover intention and organizational commitment in our sample. it estimated result and test statistic revealed a weak association between job satisfaction and turnover intention on the basis of which we did not accept the hypothesis that Job satisfaction is positively correlated with turnover intention. On the other hand, it found a significant positive relationship between job stress and nepotism in our sample of study. Keywords: nepotism, affective organizational commitment, job satisfaction, job stress, turnover intention. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Engagement Factors in Social Media Marketing on Instagram: A Case Study of Parasteh Gallery
In today's extremely competitive market, companies and businesses are seeking for new strategies to raise consumer awareness and strengthen their brand. Social media is one of these strategies, and it has transformed the sphere of business and digital marketing. The objective of this research is to find out how the content vividness and content type affect customers brand loyalty on social media. The study of Verschueren (2017) and Mafe et al. (2014) served as the foundation for the research model. The study's statistical population includes all Instagram followers of Parasteh Gold Gallery. 404 followers were surveyed in order to obtain data using the available sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect data, which was then analyzed using structural equation modeling and SPSS 18 and LISREL software. The findings revealed that the vividness of content have a substantial impact on customer attitudes toward the brand, customer attitudes toward the content, and brand engagement. Furthermore, the content type has an impact on customer attitudes toward brand, content, and brand engagement. Finally, customer attitudes toward the brand, customer attitudes toward content, and customer engagement all have a significant influence on brand loyalty.