Early period effect of diet with low glycemic load food on insulin resistance

This research is targeted to define diet with low glycemic load food's impact on insulin resistance. 14 participants (7 male, 7 female) who applied Fark Etmeden Diyet nutrition and education consultancy from February 2018 to August 2018 were selected. All participants are diagnosed as insulin resistance. Participants' age range is between 20 and 45 years old. Female attendant average of age is 34,4±8,3; and male attendant average of age is 40,1±3,8. Anthropometric measurement and a questionnaire were made to determine general information, health and nutritional situation. Furthermore, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR parameters were evaluated. All participants applied hypocaloric diet which has 110-130 g carbohydrate, 20%-25 protein and 25%-30 fat. All food that provided, had low glycemic load. In the result of research, there was a statistically significant decrease in the anthropometric measurement and biochemical in total group (p<0,05). There was a statistically significant decrease in all measurement except waist-hip ratio in the women participant group(p<0,05). On the other hand, in the man participant group, there was a statistically significant decrease in all measurement except waist-hip ratio, fasting blood glucose and VFA(p<0,05). The decrease in the muscle mass in men is higher than women(p=0,002) and the decrease in VFA level in women is detected as higher than man. When participant examined separately as male and female group, there is a statistically significant decrease in waist measurement. However, there isn't a statistically significant decrease in the waist-hip ratio(p>0,005). Although, there was a decrease in fasting blood glucose in man, it wasn't found significantly (p>0,05). HOMA-IR decrease in women was 3,01 and in men was 1,96. Despite, the higher HOMA-IR decrease in women, there wasn't any statistically significant differences between gender. The positive correlation was determined between BMI and fat mass (r=0,775; p=0,001), and between VFA and waist measurement (r=0,618; p=0,018). While there was no positive correlation between pre diet fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin and HOMA-IR, there was positive correlation between fasting blood glucose, fasting blood insulin and HOMA-IR during post diet period. Consequently, low calorie, low carbohydrate and low glycemic load diet can be effective treatment for preventing insulin resistance. Key words: glycemic index, glycemic load, insulin resistance.