Diagnostic correlation of clinical and molecular imaging of alzheimer's TYPE dementia

Introduction and Purpose:Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive loss of memory and cognitive functions.Beta-amyloid and tau protein are responsible for the pathology.Several biomarkers have been developed.Nowadays both fluid and imaging biomarkers are being used.Florodeoxyglucose- positron emission tomography(FDG-PET) shows glucose usage of the glial cells and neurons.According to new developments,AD can be interpreted with FDG-PET in the presymtomatic phase.Biomarkers also can be used to rule out other types of dementia and to support AD with atypical presentation or without certain diagnosis.In this study,we planned to compare retrospectively the patients clinical findings and molecular imagings who are diagnosed with AD according to 2011 NINCDS– ADRDA criteria and who had already FDG-PET imaging.Material and Method:74 patients, diagnosed with AD according to 2011 NINCDS-ADRDA criteria who admitted to Neurology department of İstanbul Bilim University Medicine Faculty in the years between 2013-2016,are inclused to the study.Patients' FDG-PET imagings are analayzed regardless of age and sex traits.Standard deviation of hypometabolism in the FDG-PET imaging and SUVmax ratios of amygdala,hippocampus,inferior frontal gyrus-orbital part,mesial temporal,posterior cingulate,precuneus,superiorfrontal gyrus-dorsolateral part are compared.The patients are studied by dividing into the differences of their sex,age(younger than 65 and older than 65),mild cognitive impairment(MCI) and Alzheimer Disease-dementia(AD-D).Results:Statistically significant results were obtained when all the regions analyzed one by one(p<0.05).Also these regions are examined being male-female, younger and older than 65,MCI and AD-D in their own.Comparison of the regions posterior cingulate gyrus and precuneus had significant statistical results between the patients MCI and AD-D (p<0.05) but there was not a meaningful statistical result according to ages.When the patients checked against their sexes, there was an expressive hypometabolism only in the left mesial temporal region between male group (p<0,05).Conclusion: In this study, findings of the molecular imaging of all 74 patients, who met the clinical diagnostic criteria of AD,are consistent with AD and molecular imaging have a high correlation with the clinical diagnostic criteria.Knowing the disease before dementia phase with molecular imaging has an important advantage for the diagnosis and treatment.